ection>
MIDWESTERN NATIVE SHRUBS AND TREES
MIDWESTERN NATIVE SHRUBS AND TREES
gardening alternatives to nonnative species
AN ILLUSTRATED GUIDE
Charlotte Adelman
and
Bernard L. Schwartz
OHIO UNIVERSITY PRESS
ATHENS
Other Books by Charlotte Adelman and Bernard Schwartz
The Midwestern Native Garden: Native Alternatives to Nonnative Flowers and Plants
An Illustrated Guide
Flowering Prairie Plants
Louis Agassiz Fuertes: A Retrospective Sampling of His Bird Drawings and Paintings, by Bernard L. Schwartz
Prairie Directory of North America—The United States and Canada
Prairie Directory of North America—The United States, Canada and Mexico (Second Edition)
WBAI—The First 75 Years, by Charlotte Adelman
Ohio University Press, Athens, Ohio 45701
© 2016 by Ohio University Press
All rights reserved
To obtain permission to quote, reprint, or otherwise reproduce or distribute material from Ohio University Press publications, please contact our rights and permissions department at (740) 593-1154 or (740) 593-4536 (fax).
Printed in the United States of America
Ohio University Press books are printed on acid-free paper
27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 5 4 3 2 1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Adelman, Charlotte, 1937– author. | Schwartz, Bernard L., 1933– author.
Title: Midwestern native shrubs and trees : gardening alternatives to nonnative species : an illustrated guide / Charlotte Adelman and Bernard L. Schwartz.
Description: Athens, Ohio : Ohio University Press, [2017] | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016051637| ISBN 9780821421666 (hc : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780821421642 (pb : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780821445303 (pdf)
Subjects: LCSH: Endemic plants—Middle West. | Woody plants—Middle West. | Shrubs—Middle West. | Trees—Middle West.
Classification: LCC QK128 .A34 2017 | DDC 582.160977—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016051637
CONTENTS
Selected Bibliography and Resources
Illustration and Photography Credits
PREFACE
HAVING A YARD or garden enables almost every homeowner, gardener, and landscaper to create a beautiful, low-maintenance native plant sanctuary that sustains native wildlife. Midwestern native plants and birds, butterflies, and bees co-evolved and need each other for a healthy future. The Midwestern Native Garden: Native Alternatives to Nonnative Flowers and Plants discussed native herbaceous plant alternatives to Eurasian introductions and nativars (cultivars of native plants). Remembering landscaping mistakes we had made, we noted in the preface to that volume, “Because we love birds, we lined our borders with berry- and fruit-producing trees and shrubs. Later, to our horror, we discovered that most of our well-meaning plant choices were not native to North America and that some were invasive pests. We realized we had made choices without first getting good information.” This book continues the work of the first volume by providing reliable information for midwestern native alternatives to nonnative trees and shrubs.
When we speak of butterflies, flowers usually come to mind, but “woody plants support more butterfly caterpillars than herbaceous plants.”1 As a group, native trees and shrubs excel as host plants for butterflies and moths, whose larvae or caterpillars “are disproportionately valuable sources of food for many terrestrial birds, particularly warblers and neotropical migrants of conservation concern.”2 What makes native woody plants invaluable to wildlife? “Plants have evolved over time alongside the insect and animal populations that feed and reproduce on them, so planting a variety of plants native to your area is one of the simplest ways of helping out your local
