Domitian reigned from Dec. 13, 81 a.d., to Sept. 18, 96. 11 See Dion Cassius, LXVIII. 1 sq., and Suetonius’ Domitian, chap. 23. 12 Literally, “the word of the ancients among us” (ὁ τῶν παρ᾽ ἡμῖν ἀρχαίων λόγος). On the tradition itself, see chap. 1, note 6.
Chapter XXI.—Cerdon becomes the Third Ruler of the Church of Alexandria.
1. After Nerva had reigned a little more than a year1 he was succeeded by Trajan. It was during the first year of his reign that Abilius,2 who had ruled the church of Alexandria for thirteen years, was succeeded by Cerdon.3
2. He was the third that presided over that church after Annianus,4 who was the first. At that time Clement still ruled the church of Rome, being also the third that held the episcopate there after Paul and Peter.
3. Linus was the first, and after him came Anencletus.5
1 From Sept. 18, 96, to Jan. 27, 98 a.d. 2 On Abilius, see chap. 14, note 2, above. 3 According to the legendary Acts of St. Mark, Cerdo was one of the presbyters ordained by Mark. According to Eusebius (H. E. IV. I and Chron.) he held office until the twelfth year of Trajan. 4 On Annianus, see Bk. II. chap. 24, note 2. 5 On the order of succession of the early Roman bishops, see above, chap. 2, note 1. Paul and Peter are here placed together by Eusebius, as co-bishops of Rome. Compare the association of the two apostles by Caius, and by Dionysius of Corinth (quoted by Eusebius, in Bk. II. chap. 25).
Chapter XXII.—Ignatius, the Second Bishop of Antioch.
At this time Ignatius1 was known as the second bishop of Antioch, Evodius having been the first.2 Symeon3 likewise was at that time the second ruler of the church of Jerusalem, the brother of our Saviour having been the first.
1 On Ignatius’ life, writings, and martyrdom, see below, chap. 36. 2 We cannot doubt that the earliest tradition made Evodius first bishop of Antioch, for otherwise we could not explain the insertion of his name before the great name of Ignatius. The tendency would be, of course, to connect Ignatius directly with the apostles, and to make him the first bishop. This tendency is seen in Athanasius and Chrysostom, who do not mention Evodius at all; also in the Apost. Const. VII. 46, where, however, it is said that Evodius was ordained by Peter, and Ignatius by Paul (as in the parallel case of Clement of Rome). The fact that the name of Evodius appears here shows that the tradition that he was the first bishop seemed to the author too old and too strong to be set aside. Origen (in Luc. Hom. VI.) is an indirect witness to the episcopacy of Evodius, since he makes Ignatius the second, and not the first, bishop of Antioch. As to the respective dates of the early bishops of Antioch, we know nothing certain. On their chronology, see Harnack, Die Zeit des Ignatius, and cf. Salmon’s article Evodius, in Smith and Wace’s Dict. of Christ. Biog. 3 On Symeon, see above, chap. 11, note 4.
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