Mental Health Services and Community Care. Cummins, Ian
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MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES AND COMMUNITY CARE
A Critical History
Ian Cummins
First published in Great Britain in 2020 by
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© Policy Press 2020
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ISBN 978-1-4473-5059-0 (hardback)
ISBN 978-1-4473-5063-7 (ePDF)
ISBN 978-1-4473-5064-4 (ePub)
The right of Ian Cummins to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him
in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved: no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,
or otherwise without the prior permission of Policy Press.
The statements and opinions contained within this publication are solely those of the author and not of the University of Bristol or Policy Press. The University of
Bristol and Policy Press disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting
from any material published in this publication.
Policy Press works to counter discrimination on grounds of gender, race,
disability, age and sexuality.
Cover design by Robin Hawes
Front cover image: Alamy stock images, J9E16Y
Printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY
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In memory of Dr Jo Milner (1960–2018) My PhD supervisor Dr Jo Milner died in December 2018. I owe her a huge personal and professional debt. Jo was wonderfully supportive friend and colleague. Without her I would never have overcome the barriers to completing my thesis. She was committed to challenging injustice, inequality and discrimination in all forms wherever she encountered it. She was a supporter of the work of Freedom from Torture (www.freedomfromtorture.org/) This book is dedicated, with love, to her memory.
Into the nothingness of scorn and noise,
Into the living sea of waking dreams,
Where there is neither sense of life or joys,
But the vast shipwreck of my life’s esteems;
Even the dearest that I loved the best
Are strange—nay, rather, stranger than the rest.
John Clare, ‘I Am’
Contents
About the author
Acknowledgements
1Introduction
2Community care: a brief overview
3The asylum and the community
4Inquiries
5Deinstitutionalisation and the penal state
6Reform or revolution? Mental health legislation and the development of community care
7International perspectives
8Neoliberalism, advanced marginality and mental health
9Conclusion
References
Index
Ian Cummins qualified as a probation officer and subsequently worked as a mental health social worker. His research interests in the criminal justice system and the history of mental health services reflect his practice experience. He has previously published Poverty, Inequality and Social Work: The Impact of Neo-liberalism and Austerity Politics on Welfare Provision with Policy Press in 2018 and Mental Health Social Work Reimagined with Policy Press in 2019.
My late mother worked incredibly hard to enable me to continue my education and take advantage of the opportunities that it offered. She passed on her love of books to me. I hope that she would have enjoyed this one. I owe a huge debt to my brother and my sisters for their love and support.
I would like to thank Isobel Bainton, Shannon Kneis and all the staff at Policy Press who have been unfailing supportive of this and other projects that I have undertaken. I am very grateful to the anonymous reviewers of the initial proposal and drafts of the book for their time and constructive suggestions. I am, of course, responsible for any failings, admissions