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THE ART OF DEMOCRACY
THE ART OF DEMOCRACY
A Concise History of Popular Culture in the United States
SECOND EDITION
JIM CULLEN
Grateful acknowledgment is made to the following for permission to use
photographs and artwork: p. 1, William Claxton; p. 9, American Antiquarian
Society; p. 26, Houghton Library, Harvard University; p. 33, Harvard Theatre
Collection; p. 50, Harry T. Peters Collection, Museum of the City of New York,
originally published by N. Currier, 1849; p. 73, photograph by Gurney & Son,
New York, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College; p. 87, Harvard Theatre
Collection; p. 121, Harvard Theatre Collection; p. 128, photograph by Adolph
Witterman, Leonard Hassam Bogart Collection, Museum of the City of New
York; p. 135, Bettmann/Corbis; p. 149, Film Stills, Museum of Modern Art; p.
188, photograph by Bradley Smith/Corbis; p. 201, Photofest; p. 217, Photofest;
p. 272, photograph by Fredrik Nilsen, Slash/Warner Brothers Records; p. 278,
photograph by Jan Butchofsky-Houser/Corbis; p. 289, E! Online, Inc. ©2002.
Copyright © 1996, 2002 by Jim Cullen
All rights reserved
Cullen, Jim, 1962-
The art of democracy : a concise history of U.S. popular culture / by
Jim Cullen.—2nd ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 1-58367-065-3 —ISBN 1-58367-064-5 (pbk.)
1. Popular culture—United States—History. 2. United States—Civilization. I. Title.
E161 .C85 2002
973-dc21
2002004924
Monthly Review Press
122 West 27th Street
New York, NY 10001
Printed in Canada
10 9 8 7 6 5 4
For Mari Jo and Paul Buhle, mentors
CONTENTS
1. NOVEL APPROACHES The Rise of Popular Culture
A CLOSER LOOK A TEMPLE OF THE IMAGINATION
2. DEMOCRATIC VISTAS The Emergence of Popular Culture, 1800-1860
A CLOSER LOOK THE ASTOR PLACE RIOT THE ART AND LIFE OF FANNY FERN
3. STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT The Segmentation and Consolidation of Popular Culture, 1860-1900
A CLOSER LOOK CONEY ISLAND THE DARK HUMOR OF BERT WILLIAMS
4. MEDIATING COMMUNITIES Popular Culture and Modern Technology, 1900-1945
A CLOSER LOOK CHAPLIN’S BUSINESS BILLIE HOLIDAY, THE JAZZ SINGER
5. SMALL SCREENS Popular Culture in the Age of Television and Beyond, 1945-2000
A CLOSER LOOK A BUNKER MENTALITY THE INTEGRATED SOUND OF LOS LOBOS MTV
