what I think, but maybe there are alternative opinions, especially from marketers. The most important constraint I see at the moment is the complexity and cost of technology. Creating mathematical models is long and expensive, and the risk of error is high. It is necessary to combine technical knowledge about the object, practical experience, knowledge in modelling and visualization, observance of standards in real objects. Not all technical solutions are justified, as not every company has all competencies.
So, I think it’s useful for the industry to start with accident analysis, to identify the critical components of the assets and to model them. That is, to use an approach from the system constraint theory.
This will, first, minimize the risk of errors. Second, to enter this direction at a lower cost and to get an effect on which you can rely in the future. Third, accumulate expertise in working with data, making decisions based on them and «complicating» models. Having your own data competence is one of the key conditions for successful digitalization.
It is worth remembering that for now it is a new technology. Additionally, on the same cycle Gartner, it must pass the «valley of disappointment». Then later, when the digital competencies become more common and the neural networks become more massive, we’re going to use the digital counterparts to the full.
Clouds, online analytics and remote control
The concept of digital transformation involves the active use of clouds, online analytics, and remote-control capabilities.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) identified the following cloud characteristics:
– self-service on demand (self-service on demand) – the consumer determines his own needs: speed of access, productivity «iron», its availability, the amount of necessary memory;
– access to resources from any device connected to the network – it does not matter which computer or smartphone the user logs on from, as long as it is connected to the Internet;
– pooling of resources (resource pooling) – suppliers complete «iron» for quick balancing between consumers, that is, the consumer indicates what he needs, but the distribution between specific machines is assumed by the supplier;
– flexibility – the consumer can change the range of necessary services and their scope at any time without unnecessary communication and agreement with the supplier;
– automatic metering of service consumption.
However, what are the benefits of the cloud for business?
– Ability not to «freeze» resources by investing in fixed assets and future expenses (for repair, upgrade and modernization). This simplifies accounting and tax work, allows resources to be directed to development. Key – you can increase the number of digital tools without the need to constantly purchase server hardware and storage systems.
– Savings on the wage fund (ZP + taxes of expensive professionals for infrastructure maintenance) and operating system (electricity, rent of premises, etc.).
– Saves time to start and start using IT infrastructure or digital product.
– More efficient use of computing power. It is not necessary to build a redundant network to cover loads during the peak or to suffer from «brakes» and «glitches» of the system, to risk «falling» with data loss. This is the provider’s task, and it will fulfill it better. Plus, the principle of separation of responsibility is included, and data preservation is its task.
– Information availability in the office, at home and on business trips. This allows you to work more flexibly and efficiently, hire people from other regions.
There are many cloud technology models: SaaS, IaaS, PaaS, CaaS, DRaaS, BaaS, DBaaS, MaaS, DaaS, STaaS, NaaS. Let’s talk a little bit more about them.
– SaaS (Software as a Service) – Software as a service.
The client receives software via the Internet: mail services, cloud version 1C, Trello and so on. You can list it endlessly.
– IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) – infrastructure as a service.
Provision of virtual servers, hard disks and any IT infrastructure for rent. It’s basically a replica of physical infrastructure, but you don’t have to buy it.
– PaaS (Platform as a Service) – Platform as a service.
Rent a full-fledged virtual platform, including both «iron» and database management systems, security systems and so on. The service is very popular with software developers.
These are the three most popular models that everyone should know about. And to better understand the details, consider the simple scheme below.
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