is a fantastic aid to keeping your target weight. To help maintain your ability to resist snacking between meals, just continue to start each meal with a bowl of soup.
SKIN HEALTH
I have already mentioned that eating too many foods high in visible and especially invisible fats plays havoc with your skin (see page 6). Not only do pores get clogged, but blackheads form and greasiness develops. Fat slows down your blood circulation, and this reduces the supply of vitamins and oxygen to cells that make collagen. These cells may lose their efficiency and slow down collagen production. The less collagen you make, the more likely is the appearance of premature ageing. Not only does the Big Healthy Soup Diet have a carefully controlled fat and oil content, it is also very rich in nutrients which nourish your skin cells.
Dehydration from drinking too much tea, coffee and alcohol also harms your skin. Another benefit of soup is to give you plenty of liquid to help hydrate you.
Rich in dietary fibre, the Big Healthy Soup Diet also encourages regular, healthy bowel motions. This helps you eliminate toxins and soluble wastes, which could otherwise be absorbed from your intestines into your blood. Such toxins overload your kidneys and cause the typical sallow complexion of people who suffer from long-term constipation.
AMAZING DISCOVERIES ABOUT SOUP
2005 Study at Purdue University, Lafayette, USA
Solid and liquefied versions of identical foods high in protein, fat or carbohydrate (containing the same number of calories) were given to 13 male and 18 female volunteers. Beverages were also tested. The participants completed questionnaires on mood, appetite and psychological state. Eating soup led to reduced hunger. Overall calorie consumption tended to be lower on days when soup was eaten compared with days on solid foods and beverages. Beverages had the least effect on hunger reduction. The researchers concluded that soup may help to reduce appetite.
Mattes R. Physiol Behav. 2005 Jan 17;83(5):739-47.
2003 Study at the New York Obesity Research Center, St. Luke’s-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, USA
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a gut hormone that plays a role in satiety (feeling full). Levels of CCK rise after a meal, and this helps us to feel full. The researchers wanted to test whether soup quenches appetite by stimulating higher levels of CCK. They measured plasma CCK levels in eight healthy, non-obese men and women before and after eating 800 grams of tomato soup, followed 30 minutes later by 300 grams of a yoghurt shake. Appetite ratings were compared with CCK levels. It was found that eating soup significantly increased plasma CCK levels within 30 minutes in all subjects combined. Interestingly, the women’s average CCK levels were significantly higher than the men’s. The researchers concluded that eating soup may be especially beneficial for women who want to lose weight.
Nolan L.J. and colleagues. Nutrition. 2003 Jun;19(6):553-7.
1999 Research at the Pennsylvania State University, USA
Research has shown that adding water to foods can lead to reductions in the number of calories consumed. This study aimed to find out how water affected appetite when served separately with food or incorporated into food. Seventeen minutes before lunch, 24 women were fed one of three starters: (a) chicken-rice casserole, (b) chicken-rice casserole served with a glass of water, (c) chicken-rice soup. All the starters contained the same number of calories. The soup contained the same ingredients (type and amount) as the casserole that was served with water. The researchers found that turning the casserole into soup by adding water to it greatly increased fullness and reduced hunger. The equivalent amount of water served in a glass with the food did not aid fullness. Calorie intake at lunch was much less after the soup compared with after the casserole, whether water was served with the casserole or not. The test subjects did not compensate at dinner for eating less lunch.
Rolls B.J. and colleagues. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Oct;70(4):448-55.
1998 Study at the Nutritional Neurobiology Laboratory, EPHE, Paris, France
Twelve lean and ten overweight young men were given a starter consisting of (a) vegetables and water, or (b) pureed and strained vegetable soup, or (c) chunky vegetable soup. The soups were of the same composition and volume; only the size of the solid pieces and the distribution of nutrients between solids and liquid were different. All the starters were found to reduce hunger and subsequent food intake, but the chunky soup had the most pronounced effect. The researchers concluded that there may be special benefits in using chunky soups as part of a weight-loss programme.
Himaya A. and colleagues. Appetite. 1998 Apr;30(2):199-210.
1994 Study at the Centre for Human Nutrition, University of Sheffield, UK
The consumption of dietary fibre is known to prolong the feeling of fullness, but it was not known how. In this study on eight male volunteers, three per cent guar gum (a type of mucilage fibre similar to psyllium husks) was added to high-fat and low-fat soups. Guar gum delayed the emptying of the stomach for both types of soup, but the delays in the return of hunger and decline of fullness were far greater for the fatty soup. The fibre appeared to work by slowing absorption and prolonging the presence of nutrients in the intestines.
French S.J. and colleagues. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 Jan;59(1):87-91.
1990 Study at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
Three different starters—tomato soup, melon or cheese on crackers, all with the same number of calories—were served just before the main course. Soup was found to reduce the amount of food eaten in the second course much more than the other starters. The researchers concluded that eating soup could be beneficial in weight-reduction programmes.
Rolls B.J. and colleagues. Appetite. 1990 Oct;15(2):115-26.
We all know that you are what you eat, and how important it is to eat vegetables. But that’s not always as easy as it sounds. Some people find vegetables too bland, and children may refuse them altogether. But do you know anyone who doesn’t like soup? Soup can help you and your loved ones reach a ripe old age without too many visits to the doctor. A single portion of soup can hold a lot of power foods which protect you with antioxidants, flavonoids, essential fatty acids and dietary fibre. For instance, a soup made with tomatoes, beans, garlic, onions, parsley and shredded dark green leaves (cabbages, collards or spring greens, Brussels tops etc.) can:
Help to prevent heart disease and cancers (tomatoes, parsley, green leaves)
Lower cholesterol (beans and garlic)
Fight viruses (onions)
As regards preparing such a soup, the only limit is your imagination!
Add lemon juice if you like your soup tart and zingy
Or
