Design and the Digital Divide. Alan F. Newell
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1.10 Putting one’s faith in stories
2 Communication Systems for Non-Speaking and Hearing-Impaired People
2.1 A voice-operated typewriter for physically disabled people
2.2 The talking brooch—a communication aid for non-speaking people
2.3 Speech transcription for deaf people
2.4 Developing a first prototype with no external funding
2.5 Non-technological challenges to implementation
2.7 The need for luck, faith, time, and effort
3 TV Subtitling for Hearing-Impaired People
3.2 The content and cost of television subtitles
3.4 A subtitle preparation system
4 Word Prediction for Non-Speaking People and Systems for those with Dyslexia
4.1 Support for non-speaking people
4.2 Developing AAC devices
4.3 Word Prediction and associated techniques
4.4 Prediction supporting dyslexics
4.5 Evaluation of the effectiveness of prediction
4.6 Other techniques to support dyslexics
4.7 Disambiguation
4.8 Beyond word prediction
5 Providing Reusable Conversation for Non-Speaking People
5.1 An application of conversational analysis
5.2 Perceived communication competence
5.3 Technology to assist deceit
5.4 “Chattering, nattering and cheek”
5.5 Differences in conversational styles
5.6 The use of speech act theory
5.7 CHAT—Conversation Helped by Automatic Talk
5.8 Pragmatics versus semantics
5.9 The future
6 Story Telling and Emotion in Synthetic Speech
6.1 What do we do after we have said “Hello”
6.2 TOPIC—Text OutPut in Conversation
6.3 Prose—and other storytelling systems
6.4 Floorgrabber: an aid for non-speaking lecturers
6.5 Other conversational aids
6.6 Jokes
6.7 Symbolic and picture-based communication systems
6.8 Communication aids for Intensive Care
6.9 Emotion in synthetic speech
6.10 The current situation
6.11 The future
7 Lessons Learned from Designing AAC Devices
7.1 An effective and appropriate team
7.2 The role of users in the design team
7.3 Research in a clinical environment
7.4 Composition of a research team
7.5 An appropriate research methodology
7.6 Evaluation techniques
7.7 The cost of assistive technology
7.8 Professionalism in research
7.9 Ethical considerations
7.10 Assistive technology research—a summary
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Cybrarian: an e-mail system designed for older people
8.3 SeniorMail: also designed for older people
8.4 Sustaining the use of CIT