St. Laurent, Louis (minister of justice and attorney general), 120-123, 138, 164, 165
St. Lawrence Seaway scandal, 93
Stuart, General (chief of general statl), 118
Switzerland, 151
Toronto, Ontario, .5, 103, 107, 108,
113, 145, 147, 149, 151
Toynbee, Arnold, 25,26, 148
Toynbee Hall, London, England, 25,31,148
Turkey,70
Tweedsmuir, Lord. See Governor General
Unemployment Insurance Act, 162
Union Liberals, 67,73,156
Union Nationale, 161
United Farmers of Alberta, 79
United Fanners of Ontario, 67, 159
United Mine Workers of America, ,57
United Nations, 126, 164-166
United States (U.S.), 9, 35, 44, 55,
st. 67, 10,5-107, 126, 14,5, 147,
149, 151, 1.5,5, 160, 162, 16,5
University of Chicago, 28,30, 149,150
University of Toronto, 9,20,21-24, 28,33,3,5, 149
Upper Canada Rebellion (1837), ,5, 8, 9, 48, 71, 92, 10,5, 108, 12,5,145
"Valley of Humiliation," 93, 160.
See also Beauharnois scandal Vancouver, B.C., 44, 153, 163
Verdun Progressive Spiritualist Church, 102
Victorian Order of Nurses, 137, 150
War Committee, 106
War Measures Act, 124, 125
Wartime Elections Act, 63, 1.56
Washington, D.C., 71
Waterloo, Ontario, 38, 46
Western Canada, 85, 88, 1.59
Willingdon, Viscount. See
Governor General
Wilson, Senator Cairine, 104, 159,16,5
Winchester, Rev., 13
Winnipeg, Manitoba, 67
Winnipeg General Strike (1919),67, 156
Woodside (King family horne), 4,12,13,19,25,88,95,112,128,129-132,148
Woodside National Historic Site, ii
Woodsworth, J.S., 1.52, 153, 1,57, 159, 160; death, 163
World War I. See First World War
World war II. See Second World War
Wriedt, Etta (spiritualist), 82, 88,96-160
York (Toronto), .5, 8-10 , 22,143-145
Zombies (NRMA men), 119, 122, 124, 125, 162, 164. See also National Resources Mobilization Act 181
René Lévesque at a press conference at à construction site in Longueuil in 1981.
1
I Don’t Want to Destroy Canada
“My dear friends, if I have understood you well…” René Lévesque attempts to silence his supporters gathered together at the Paul Sauvé Centre. Two women stand behind him, in the background: Corinne Côté, his wife, and Lise Payette, Minister Responsible for the Status of Women and the only cabinet member present at this occasion. Wearing black, as if symbolically in mourning.
From the bleachers to the floor, signs reading “oui” alternate with Fleur-de-lis flags. In the distance, a few voices strike up “Mon cher René, c’est à ton tour,” and spontaneously thousands of supporters join in the Gilles Vigneault song to pay homage to their leader’s courage. Lévesque smiles sadly.
At a little before eight o’clock on May 20, 1980, the referendum results are official: 59.6 per cent of Quebecers have said “no.” Some two million Quebecers refuse to give the government a mandate to negotiate a new political accord with the federal government.
It is a bitter defeat: over half the population has just rejected sovereignty-association. The leader of the Parti Québécois (PQ) assesses the extent of his power: before him, impassioned men and women await but one word to invade the streets of Montreal. One sign and they would force open the doors of the arena to show their sadness and disappointment.
René Lévesque had rewritten his speech several times. A democrat, the sovereigntist leader accepts the voters’ decision. Now they have to live together, despite the fact that voters are divided. They must make peace with their opponents, with those who believe in federalism. The Parti Québécois leader again asks for silence. His voice rises above the shouting crowd:
“My dear friends… If I’ve understood you clearly, you’ve just said “Till the next time…”
The supporters roar their approval: they want to resume the struggle as soon as possible. The battle has been lost, but not the war.
Lévesque then spontaneously invites those present in the room to join in the “the most beautiful of Quebec songs.” And, slightly off key, he strikes up “Gens du pays,” the song the crowd had begun to sing earlier. The time for sadness has passed: solidarity has overridden rancour and bitterness. Leader of the PQ government since November 15, 1976, René Lévesque is, first and foremost, premier of all Quebecers. After four years in power, he is thinking of the next provincial election he must soon call.
René Lévesque wants to bring opposing forces together, and he is the man for the job.
The referendum campaign had started long before it was officially called in March 1980.
Three years earlier, shortly after coming into power, René Lévesque had taken on a new responsibility: governing within Canadian Confederation while promoting the Parti Québécois’ sovereigntist option.
“It all would have been simpler if a vote for us had meant a vote for independence,” he regretted.
