its slogans – and its money – to the realm of politics’, The New Yorker, 27 May 2013.
5 Glynn Moody, Rebel Code: Linux And The Open Source Revolution. Basic Books, 2009, p 28.
6 GNU is a ‘recursive acronym’ for ‘GNU’s not Unix’. Unix, although a proprietary product, was also largely the work of another lone programmer, Ken Thompson, who wrote it in his own time, against the wishes of management, in 1969.
7 Moody, op cit.
8 W Brian Arthur, The Nature of Technology: What It Is and How It Evolves, Free Press, 2009.
9 J Gleick, The Information: A History, a Theory, a Flood, HarperCollins Publishers, 2011.
10 Arthur, op cit., p 25.
11 Richard Rudgley, Lost Civilisations of the Stone Age, Century, London, 1998.
12 Martin Jones, Feast: Why Humans Share Food, Oxford University Press, 2007.
13 Hugh Brody, The Other Side of Eden, Faber, London, 2001.
14 George Dyson, BaidarkaAlaska Northwest Pub Co, 1986.
15 Christopher Boehm, Hierarchy in the Forest: the evolution of egalitarian behavior, Harvard University Press, 2001.
16 M Sidanius & F Pratto, Social Dominance: an intergroup theory of social hierarchy and oppression, Cambridge University Press, 1999.
17 George Packer, ‘Change the World’, The New Yorker, 27 May 2013, nin.tl/packerNY.
18 Heidi M Ravven, The Self Beyond Itself, New Press, 2013, p 299.
19 David Berreby ‘The Hunter-Gatherers of the Knowledge Economy,’ Strategy and Business 16 July 1999.
20 Steven A Epstein, Wage Labor and Guilds in Medieval Europe, University of North Carolina Press, 1991, p 245.
21 Lynn Townsend White, Medieval religion and technology: collected essays, Publications of the Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, University of California Press, 1978, pp x-xi.
22 Nigel Harris, ‘Globalisation Is Good for You’, Red Pepper, 3 Dec 2007, nin.tl/HarrisRP
23 David Harvey, The Enigma of Capital, Profile, London, 2010, p 46.
24 Jonathan Freedland, The Guardian, 5 Dec 2007, nin.tl/Freedland07
25 Mark Neocleous, ‘The Political Economy of the Dead: Marx’s Vampires’, History of Political Thought, Vol 24, No 4, 2003, pp 668-84.
26 Economic Concentration, ‘Hearings before the subcommittee on antitrust and monopoly of the committee of the judiciary’, US Senate, 89th Congress, First Session, 18, 24, 25 and 27 May and 17 June 1965.
27 John Jewkes, The Sources of Invention. Macmillan, London/St Martin’s Press, NY, 1958.
28 Economic Concentration, op cit, p 1075.
29 Ibid, p 1217.
30 ‘Silicon Valley’s culture of failure … and ‘the walking dead’ it leaves behind’, Rory Carroll, The Guardian, 28 June 2014, nin.tl/Siliconfailure
31 N Rosenberg, Inside the Black Box: Technology and Economics, Cambridge University Press, 1983, p 229.
32 Daniel Cohen, P Garibaldi and S Scarpetta. The ICT Revolution: Productivity Differences and the Digital Divide, Oxford University Press US, 2004.
33 Ibid, p 85.
34 William Morris, How we live and how we might live, 1884, 1887.
35 Creativity. Selected readings, ed Philip E Vernon, Penguin, 1970.
36 Guy Claxton, Hare Brain, Tortoise Mind, Fourth Estate, London, 1998.
37 Ibid, pp 77-78.
38 James D Moran, ‘The detrimental effects of reward on performance’, in Mark R Lepper and David Greene, The Hidden Costs of Reward, Erlbaum 1978; James D Moran and Ellen YY Liou, ‘Effects of reward on creativity in college students of two levels of ability’, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 54, no 1, 1982, 43–48.
39 Daniel Kahneman, Thinking, Fast and Slow, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011.
40 Iain McGilchrist, The Master and His Emissary, Yale University Press, 2009, p 55.
41 Ibid, pp 40-41.
42 Ibid, p 429.
43 Mariana Mazzucato, The Entrepreneurial State: debunking public vs. private sector myths, 2014. Mazzucato published an earlier, shorter version for Demos in 2011, which may be downloaded free from their website: nin.tl/Mazzucato
44 J Gleick, The Information: A History, a Theory, a Flood, HarperCollins, 2011.
45 Brian Randell, ‘Ludgate’s analytical machine of 1909’, The Computer Journal, vol 14 (3) 1971, pp 317-326.
46 Henry Tropp, quoted in B Winston, Media Technology and Society, a history: from the telegraph to the internet, Routledge, London, 1998.
47 Andrew Hodges, Alan Turing: The Enigma, Simon and Schuster, 1983; G Dyson, Turing’s Cathedral, Knopf Doubleday, 2012; Gordon Welchman, The Hut Six Story, McGraw-Hill, 1982.
48 Brian Randell, ‘The Colossus’, in A History of Computing in the Twentieth Century, ed N Metropolis, J Howlett and G-C Rota, Academic Press, 1980.
49 Hodges, op cit, p 268.
50 Randell, ‘The Colossus’, op cit.
51 Maarten van Emden, ‘The H-Bomb and the Computer, Part II’, A Programmers Place, accessed 19 Aug 2014, nin.tl/EmdenHBomb
52 PN Edwards, The Closed World, MIT Press, 1996.
53 John Markoff, What the Dormouse Said: How the Sixties Counterculture Shaped the Personal Computer Industry, Viking, 2005.
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