the misty curtain of the past again rises and allows us to continue our investigations into primitive times.We would naturally expect to find everywhere, connecting links between these two ages--the culture of the one gradually changing into the culture of the other. This, however, is not the case. The line
of demarkation between the ages is everywhere plainly drawn; and, furthermore, we are learning that a very long time elapsed between the departure, or disappearance, of the Paleolithic tribes, and the arrival
of their Neolithic successors. This is shown in a great many ways, and we will notice some of them. We learn that Neolithic man occasionally used caves as a place of habitation. In such cases there is nearly
always a thick layer of stalagmite between the strata containing the Paleolithic implements and the Neolithic strata--though this stalagmite is unmistakable evidence of the lapse of many years, we can not determine how many, as we do not know the rate of formation.
This lapse of time is shown very plainly when we come to consider the changes wrought in the surface features of the country by the action of running water. We know that rain, running water, and frost, constituting what we call denuding forces, are constantly at work changing the surface of a country. We know that, in general, this change is slow. But great changes have been wrought between these two ages.
In the British Islands, we know that the rivers had time to very materially change the surface features of the land. The important rivers
of Scotland had carved out channels one hundred feet deep in places; and
along their courses, especially near their mouths, had plowed out and
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removed great quantities of glacial material--forming broad flats which became densely wooded before Neolithic man made his appearance on the scene. In some cases the entire surface of the land had been removed, leaving only knolls and hills of the old land surface. Examples of
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