Easy Tagalog. Joi Barrios

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+ of + bank. bank managerManedyer ng bangko si Ralph.Manager + of + bank + si + Ralph.Ralph is a bank manager.Manedyer ka ng bangko.Manager + you + of + bank.You are a bank manager.Estudyante si Melissa.Student + si + Melissa. Melissa is a student.Account executive si Sarah sa Orendain Advertising.Account executive + si + Sarah + at + Orendain Advertising. Sarah is an accountexecutive at Orendain Advertising.Doktor ako.Doctor + I. I am a doctor.

       QUESTION AND ANSWER PRACTICE

      Practice asking and answering questions. The first pairs are there to serve as your guide. If your job/profession was not listed earlier, just use the English word for now. The important thing is to study the structure of the sentence. Remember that we are practicing the question words ano (what) and saan (where).

      1. Question: Ano ang trabaho mo?

      Answer: Guro ako.

      2. Question: Ano ang trabaho ni Mr. Tolentino?

      Answer: Abugado siya.

      3. Question: Ano ang trabaho ni Melissa?

      Answer: ____________________________________________________.

      4. Question: ____________________________________________________?

      Answer: Nars siya.

      5. Question: Ano ang ___________________________________________?

      Answer: Kawani siya ng bangko.

      6. Question: Ano ang trabaho mo?

      Answer: ____________________________________________________.

       GRAMMAR: VERBS

      In Tagalog, it is important to know root words. With root words, we can use affixes to form verbs, nouns, adjectives, and adverbs. In this chapter we are focusing on root words and the prefix mag- (with its variation nag-) for verbs.

      In these examples, study how the verbs nag-aaral (study) and nagtatrabaho (work) are formed and used.

aralstudy (root word)
nag-verb prefix
nag- + a + aralnag + first syllable of root word + root word; study
nag-aaral akoI study
Nag-aaral ako sa UCLA.Study + I + at + UCLA. I study at UCLA.
trabahowork
nag + ta + trabahonag + first syllable of root word + root word (Rule: when the word has double consonants such as tr in trabaho, r is dropped in the second syllable); work
Nagtatrabaho Community Center.Work + I + at + Filipino Community Center.ako sa Filipino I work at the Filipino Community Center.

      Let us also study three special verbs: naging (became), nag-master’s (studied for a master’s degree) and nag-training (trained). Naging (became) is referred to as an independent verb because it is not formed by a prefix and a root word. Nag-master’s (studied for a master’s degree) and nag-training (trained) are also special because the two words are formed by using the Tagalog prefix nag- and the English words, master’s and train, respectively.

naging abugadobecame + lawyer.
Naging abugado ako.Became + lawyer + I. I became a lawyer.
Nagma-master’s ako.Taking a master’s degree + I.I am taking a master’s degree.

      In the previous chapter, we learned about verb aspects in Tagalog. Completed action can be thought of as the past tense in English, incompleted action as the present tense, and contemplated action as the future tense. The main differences between aspects (completed, incompleted, contemplated) and tenses (past, present, future) lie mainly in the perfect tenses (for example, has/have been, had worked) and the progressive tenses (for example, has/have been working). If it is easier for you to think of verbs using the terms simple past, present, and future tenses, use these terms instead.

      There are specific formulas to conjugate verbs in Tagalog. Study the following formulas and how these are used with the root word aral (study).

Completed(Past) Actionprefix nag- + root wordnag + aral = nag-aral
Incompleted(Present) Actionprefix nag- + first syllable of root word + root wordnag- + a + aral = nag-aaral
Contemplated(Future) Actionprefix mag- + first syllable of root word + root wordmag- + a + aral = mag-aaral

      Study the following chart:

RootCompletedIncompletedContemplated
aral studynag-aral studiednag-aaral studyingmag-aaral will study
trabaho worknagtrabaho workednagtatrabaho workingmagtatrabaho will work
maging to becomenaging becomenagiging becomingmagiging will become
masters to take a master’s degree (used as a verb)nag-masters took a master’s degreenagma-masters taking a master’s degreemagma-masters will take a master’s degree
training to train (used as a verb)nag-training trainednagte-training trainingmagte-training will train

      images Note that when we duplicate the first syllable in words with double consonants, for example, tr in nagtatrabaho (nag + ta + trabaho), we omit the second consonant (ta and not tra). However, bear in mind that this is only important in written Tagalog. In colloquial speech, we can say either nagtratrabaho or nagtatrabaho.

       Studying and Working

      Study how the verbs you have learned are used in the following dialogue.

      images DIALOGUE B

      MR. TOLENTINO : Saan ka nag-aral, Ralph? Where did you study, Ralph?

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