Complete Japanese Adjective Guide. Ann Tarumoto

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To qualify as an adjective in Japanese, a word must end in one of the following sounds: ai, oi, ui, ii. In Japanese, a word that does not end in one of these sounds is not an adjective and therefore cannot be treated as an adjective, even if it is a describing word.

      Memorize this list of adjectives for the exercises to follow.

ii (inflected from yoi)	good
warui	bad
takai	expensive, high, tall (in position)
yasui	inexpensive
chikai	near
tooi	far
atsui	hot
samui	cold (weather only)
oishii	delicious, tasty
mazui	bad-tasting
ookii	large, big
chiisai	small, little
muzukashii	difficult
yasashii	easy, nice (people)
suzushii	cool (weather)
atatakai (attakai)	warm (weather, clothing, people)
atsui	hot (objects, weather)
tsumetai	cold (objects, personalities)
furui	old (not for people)
atarashii	new (objects, people)
hayai	early, fast
osoi	late, slow
amai	sweet (tasting)
karai	salty, spicy
omoshiroi	interesting
tanoshii	fun
isogashii	busy

      Write the antonym of each adjective:

1.	samui _____________________
2.	tsumetai _____________________
3.	furui _____________________
4.	hayai _____________________
5.	chiisai _____________________
6.	ii _____________________
7.	yasui _____________________
8.	tooi _____________________
9.	atsui _____________________
10.	osoi _____________________
11.	yasashii _____________________
12.	mazui _____________________
13.	takai _____________________
14.	ookii _____________________
15.	atarashii _____________________
16.	warui _____________________
17.	chikai _____________________
18.	muzukashii _____________________
19.	oishii _____________________
20.	amai _____________________

      What would be an appropriate adjective to describe the following?

1.	a two-karat diamond ______________________
2.	a school 50 miles from your house ______________________
3.	an office worker with no time for lunch ______________________
4.	a calculus problem ______________________
5.	a meal at the best restaurant ______________________
6.	a perfect grade on an exam ______________________
7.	a day at an amusement park ______________________
8.	an elephant ______________________
9.	a month-old loaf of bread ______________________
10.	a jalapeno pepper ______________________
11.	a train that travels 75 mph ______________________
12.	a mouse ______________________

      2. Adjectives Modifying Nouns

      In Japanese, as in English, an adjective often modifies or describes a noun. Like English, when an adjective modifies a noun, it precedes the noun directly, without an intervening particle.

      Example: omoshiroi hon = an interesting book

      Describe the word kuruma (car) with the adjective indicated.

1.	________kuruma
	old
2.	________kuruma
	expensive
3.	________kuruma
	big

      Try expressing the following phrases. Look up the nouns you don’t know in the glossary:

1.	an inexpensive car =_________________________________________
2.	a new TV =_________________________________________
3.	an interesting movie =_________________________________________
4.	hot coffee =_________________________________________
5.	a cold drink =_________________________________________
6.	a warm day =_________________________________________
7.	fresh vegetables =_________________________________________
8.	an old radio =_________________________________________
9.	a busy day =_________________________________________
10.	a cold person =_________________________________________
11.	a large dog =_________________________________________
12.	a small cat =_________________________________________
13.	a faraway place =_________________________________________
14.	an expensive sweater =_________________________________________
15.	a good book =_________________________________________

      By adding desu or one of its forms after the noun you can make a simple sentence. The forms of desu are:

	desu (present)	ja arimasen (present negative)
	deshita (past)	ja arimasen deshita (past negative)
Example:	Ii hon desu ka?	=	Is it a good book?
	Ii hon ja arimasen deshita.	=	It wasn’t a good book.

      Try these in Japanese:

1.	It was an interesting movie._________________________________________
2.	It isn’t delicious sushi._________________________________________
3.	It was hot coffee._________________________________________
4.	Is it a good book?_________________________________________
5.	It wasn’t a new TV._________________________________________
6.	It was a good school._________________________________________
7.	It’s Скачать книгу В начало < 1 2 3 4 5 6 > В конец e-mail: [email protected]