and also abstract words.
Metaphor: A figure of speech that does not use the words like or as to compare two unrelated objects. Rather, a metaphor states that the subject is the same as an unrelated object. For example, “the lake was a mirror”; although a lake cannot be glass or a mirror, this metaphor creates the visual that the lake was smooth and reflective in the same manner that a mirror is.
Simile: A figure of speech comparing two unlike things. Similes generally use like or as to create or link the comparison. For example “cute as a kitten” or “his eyes twinkled like stars.”
Technical meaning: In general this term relates to words with specialized meanings that are specific to a topic or subject being investigated. This can often be narrowed down to mean domain-specific words that typically occur in texts related to a specific content area such as rocks and minerals (igneous, metamorphic) or weather (cumulous, precipitation).
Tone: When thinking of tone, think tone of voice. The formal tone of the Constitution matches its importance and subject; the tone of a literary text may be formal or informal; the tone often reveals something about the dynamics between characters.
Notes
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Grades 3–5 Common Core Reading Standards: Craft and Structure
Reading 5: Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, and larger portions of the text (e.g., a section, chapter, scene, or stanza) relate to each other and the whole.
Literature
3 Refer to parts of stories, dramas, and poems when writing or speaking about a text, using terms such as chapter, scene, and stanza; describe how each successive part builds on earlier sections.
4 Explain major differences between poems, drama, and prose, and refer to the structural elements of poems (e.g., verse, rhythm, meter) and drama (e.g., casts of characters, settings, descriptions dialogue, stage directions) when writing or speaking about a text.
5 Explain how a series of chapters, scenes, or stanzas fits together to provide the overall structure of a particular story, drama, or poem.
Informational Text
3 Use text features and search tools (e.g., key words, sidebars, hyperlinks) to locate information relevant to a given topic efficiently.
4 Describe the overall structure (e.g., chronology, comparison, cause/effect, problem/solution) of events, ideas, concepts, or information in a text or part of a text.
5 Compare and contrast the overall structure (e.g., chronology, comparison, cause/effect, problem/solution) of events, ideas, concepts, or information in two or more texts.
Source: © Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved.
Grades 3–5 Common Core Reading Standard 5: What the Student Does
Literature
3 Gist:
