in favor of indulgences and who excommunicated him. And there were other contemporary references. For example, Hus lambasted the decision, by a papal bull by Alexander V, to ban preaching in private chapels, a decision that was clearly supposed to put a stop to Hus’s preaching in Bethlehem.79
But excommunication proved to be his most frequent example. Hus explained on more than one occasion that the authorities were excommunicating people (such as himself) for the wrong reasons, certainly not out of love, wishing for amendment of their ways. “But they excommunicate a lot of priests but Christ accepts them, and I too hope for his holy mercy that he would accept me even though they have rejected me, because I preach his word in spite of them.”80 Hus insisted that any spiritual punishment meted out in error could not harm the soul, because clerics could not override God’s decision. And although the clerics might threaten and say that any excommunication was damaging, “know that if you are certain that you are innocent, you need not fear that this excommunication would harm you, for it is impossible that anything should harm your soul if you are free of sin.”81
This was a recipe for rebellion: According to the canon law, of course, even excommunication that was thought to be unjust had to be obeyed, otherwise the system would fall into pieces.82 But Hus ignored that and advised his followers likewise to ignore decisions that he or they considered erroneous. In telling the faithful to be discerning about decisions made by his clerical superiors, he communicated to them that the punishments meted out against him were unjust and invited them to consider carefully any church ruling issued against them.
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