href="#ulink_bdc28f93-ddc9-5280-b637-539f38a0cab8">How to Separate Policy From Politics
What the Common Core Means for Grading
What the Common Core Says—and Doesn’t Say
How the Common Core Influences Teaching
How the Common Core Influences Assessment
How the Common Core Influences Grading
The Impact of Feedback on Achievement
Distinguishing Feedback From Testing
The Four Elements of Effective Feedback
Accuracy
Specificity
Timeliness
Starting the Debate: Challenges and Responses
Winning the Grading-Reform Debate
State What Will Not Change
Change the Scale to Match the Grades
Ask for a Fair Warning Agreement From Teachers
Require Consequences for Missing or Inaccurate Student Work
What Fairness Really Means
Why Fairness Matters
Why Social Class Matters
Why Equity Matters
Measuring Accuracy
Improving Accuracy
Reality Checks
Collaborative Scoring
Unintentional Mathematical Distortions
Gauging Knowledge
Translating Standards Into Grades
Feedback and Improvement
Quality, Not Just Quantity
The Coward’s F
Listening to Students
Considering Thinking Processes
Effectively Modifying Behavior
Defining Behavior With Clarity
Using Incentives Correctly
Encouraging Integrity
Why Timely Feedback Is Important
Standards of Timeliness
How Teachers Can Improve Timeliness
Involve Students in Establishing Academic Criteria
Use a Three-Column Rubric
Offer Midcourse Corrections
How School Administrators Can Improve Timeliness
Consider Practical Trade-Offs
Create Time to Analyze and Use Feedback
Monitor Teacher Responses
