Marijuana. John Hudak
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PRAISE FOR THE FIRST EDITION OF MARIJUANA: A SHORT HISTORY
“Clear. Concise. Compelling. Marijuana: A Short History is a great crash course on the history of cannabis. This is a wonderful book for anyone who wants a deeper understanding of the current political landscape, as well as the players and events that have shaped it.”
—Steph Sherer, executive director, Americans for Safe Access
“A fresh, sharp, and rigorous look at America’s perverse relationship with pot. John Hudak smashes taboos and nonsense on every page.”
—Bruce Barcott, author, Weed the People: The Future of Legal Marijuana
MARIJUANA
A Short History
Second Edition
JOHN HUDAK
BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS
Washington, D.C.
Copyright © 2020
THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION
1775 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the Brookings Institution Press.
The Brookings Institution is a private nonprofit organization devoted to research, education, and publication on important issues of domestic and foreign policy. Its principal purpose is to bring the highest quality independent research and analysis to bear on current and emerging policy problems. Interpretations or conclusions in Brookings publications should be understood to be solely those of the authors.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2020936126
ISBN 9780815738312 (pbk : alk. paper)
ISBN 9780815738329 (ebook)
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Typeset in Poynter Oldstyle Text
Composition by Elliott Beard
For Michelle Dean
Contents
1 Cannabis as Plant and Product
2 Early Regulation and a New (Drug) Deal
3 Marijuana as an Enemy, Foreign and Domestic
4 Richard Nixon Fires the Opening Shots in the War on Drugs
5 Prosecuting the War on Drugs
6 Ronald Reagan Opens New Theaters in the War on Drugs
Part III
POT, THE PUBLIC, AND THE POWERFUL
7 Demographics and Death Reshape Views on Marijuana
8 Cannabis Use as a Lifestyle of the Rich and Famous
Part IV
MARIJUANA REFORM BLOSSOMS INTO PUBLIC POLICY
9 Decriminalization as the First Retreat from Prohibition
10 Ganja Gridlock: The Failures of Federal Reform
11 The Fight for Medical Marijuana
12 Recreational Marijuana Sprouts in the West
Part V
THE FUTURE OF MARIJUANA
13 Racial Justice and the Future of Marijuana Reform
14 Weighing the Costs and Benefits of Legalization
Acknowledgments
Working on marijuana reform was one of the last things I expected would be part of my career when I began doing political and policy research. I am not an advocate; I am a political scientist. I was not trained in the study of drug policy; I was trained in the study of political institutions, specifically the presidency and the bureaucracy.
However, sometimes very interesting opportunities fall into your lap, and a new venture becomes a career highlight. Marijuana policy is exactly that. I came to this issue in part by happenstance and largely because a colleague of mine, Jonathan Rauch, encouraged me to ask the types of questions my research focuses on (regulation, personnel, bureaucratic organization, and executive-legislative interaction) and apply it to a new and emerging area of policy: the legalization of adult-use marijuana.
That spurred an interest in marijuana policy of all types and led to extensive research, many trips and interviews, as well as a nearly obsessive reading into the plant, its products, the people, and the policy. Along the way, I worked with a tremendous group of individuals who approach this issue from all directions—from the full-throated advocate to the staunchest of opponents and everyone in between. Their support, guidance, knowledge, experience, personal stories, and perspectives have helped inform my understanding of marijuana policy and made Marijuana: A Short History what it is.
Chief