Marijuana. John Hudak
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Eleven days later, Richard Nixon was reelected, winning more votes than any other president up to that point in history (over 47 million), carrying forty-nine states, and earning 520 electoral votes. In his second term, Nixon did not change the direction of his drug policy, nor mute its aggression. He devoted his first State of the Union Address in his second term exclusively to drug abuse prevention, closing the speech by singling out marijuana and powerfully opposing its legalization.8 Later that month, on March 28, 1973, Nixon took one of his last significant actions in the War on Drugs when he submitted to Congress a request to allow the “Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1973” to go into effect. Congress acceded and on July 1, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) was established in the Department of Justice. This change in the U.S. government’s drug policy bureaucracy was the most significant in American history, both up to that time and since. The new agency would “absorb the associated manpower and budgets” of essentially all of the drug enforcement programs scattered throughout government departments and agencies: the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs, the portion of the Bureau of Customs portfolio “pertaining to drug investigations and intelligence,” the Office for Drug Abuse Law Enforcement, and the Office of National Narcotics Intelligence.9
The new agency’s jurisdiction, mission, manpower, and funding were substantial to begin with and would grow dramatically over time. In 1974 the DEA had 4,075 employees and a budget of $116 million ($557 million in 2014 dollars). By 1985 it had 4,936 employees and a budget of $362 million ($796 million in 2014 dollars). In 2014 it had 11,055 employees and a budget of $2.882 billion.10 The DEA would engage not only in domestic drug enforcement but would also act internationally, working closely with the CIA and other agencies to extend the War on Drugs beyond the U.S. borders, particularly into Latin America.
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