Examples of a tendency to refer back to the wilderness wanderings in general can be seen in 1 Maccabees 2:56 and Sirach 46:7, which both refer back to Numbers 13:26.
340. 2 Chr 30:6.
341. 2 Chr 30:26.
342. See also Japhet, 1 and 2 Chronicles, 913–15, who notes that these chapters contain material not in the 2 Kings account, and highlights the frequency of קָהָל in the Hezekiah periscope (928). Both these observations indicate the importance of Horeb, as Hezekiah’s idealized kingship climaxes in a restoration of the assembly.
343. Ezra 2:64; Neh 7:66. Giles, What on Earth, 234, sees here references to Israel as “a religio-political entity,” arguing that the note of assembly is absent. I think it is better to see these two references as a record of the company of the traveling exiles as they returned, a company that was assembled as it traveled.
344. Philo, Leg. 3.8, 81; Philo, Post. 177; Philo, Ebr. 213; Philo, Conf. 144; Philo, Migr. 69; Philo, Somn. 2.184. Implicit references: Philo, Mut. 205; Philo, Virt. 108. Spec. 1.325 builds more general applications to assemblies from Deuteronomy 23.
345. See Schmidt, “ἐκκλησία,” 527 for the four occasions when the translation is from the stem קהל. See Johnston, Doctrine, 36 for a sample summary of usage.
346. According to Giles, What on Earth, 233, קָהָל appears 123 times in the Old Testament; seventy-three times it is translated by ἐκκλησία, and thirty-five by συναγωγή.
347. Coenen, “Church,” 292.
348. Schmidt, “ἐκκλησία,” 517, although he also notes on 518 that συναγωγή can be used of the Christian community.
349. Giles, What on Earth, 237–38.
350. Best, Ephesians, 623; Schnelle, Apostle Paul, 560.
351. Coenen, “Church,” 292.
352. Ward, “Ekklesia,” 166.
353. Campbell, “Origin and Meaning,” 133.
354. Coenen, “Church,” 292
355. Coenen, “Church,” 294.
356. Coenen, “Church,” 295. He finds similar usage in the Qumran on 296. For a similar distinction see Johnston, Doctrine, 36–37.
357. Giles, What on Earth, 233.
358. Giles, What on Earth, 234.
359. Giles, What on Earth, 235.
360. Giles, What on Earth, 241–43. For a more general critique of this view, see Peterson, “Locus,” 212–13.
361. See Schmidt, “ἐκκλησία,” 529.
362. Philo, Post. 144; Philo, Her. 251; Philo, Decal. 32, 45.
363. Compare Du Toit, “Paulus Oecumenicus,” 132–43.
364. Compare Schmidt, who describes ἐκκλησία as “a wholly secular term,” given meaning by the context, by who constitutes the assembly (“ἐκκλησία,” 527).
365. Adams, Earliest Christian Meeting Places, 9–15
366. Adams, Earliest Christian Meeting Places, 18–44.
367. Adams, Earliest Christian Meeting Places, 156.
368. Adams, Earliest Christian Meeting Places, 179–80.
369. Adams, Earliest Christian Meeting Places, 196–97.
370. Adams, Earliest Christian Meeting Places, 200.
371. Gehring, House Church, 35–42.
372. Gehring, House Church, 63–69.
373. Gehring, House Church, 131–54.
374. Gehring, House Church, 31–35, 65–69.
375. Jewett, Romans, 53–55.
376. Oakes, Reading Romans, 1–45.
377. Oakes, Reading Romans, 69–97. Note that Oakes argues against Jewett’s tenement churches, as does Balch, “Paul, Families, and Households,” 259.
378. Horrell, “Domestic Space,” 367–68.
379. See the survey of various views on size and location in Adams, “First-century Models,” 63–68. See also Linton, “House Church Meetings,” 234–38.
380. Oakes, Reading Romans, 80–84.
381.
