daily grind of the workload, they have the inner drive to persist and get the job done. Managers can rely on these workers to work on tasks until the job is complete.
Reliability and consistency. One of the great assets of subordinates is that they are reliable. As the business environment, workload, or the work itself changes, subordinates are steadfast and get the work done. They are consistent. Managers can depend on these workers in good times and bad to carry out the mission of the group.
Ownership. Subordinates believe the job you task them with is theirs. They do not need to be reminded to complete their tasks or to complete their work with the utmost care because they take pride and ownership of their work.
As strong as these characteristics are and the value they bring to managers, subordinates don't possess the leadership or followership traits necessary to fill a leadership void. They can be counted on to get their job done and done well, but their primary focus will be on their individual responsibilities. They are unlikely to ascend to higher leadership or management roles because they are unable to engage a broader group to amplify output. They are perfectly content being position players and sometimes can be in their roles for long periods of time. Yet organizations cannot succeed without them. They are a critical part of the organization's success. Conversely, some subordinates possess the requisite skills, albeit in an immature state, and simply need to be developed, like raw clay, so they can become effective followers.
Followership Explained
Far too often, we hear parents ask their children the familiar question and then supply the subsequent statement, “If your friend tells you to jump off a bridge, would you do it? Be a leader, not a follower.” Ironically, what they actually mean is to be a good follower. Don't blindly follow but think independently and take the right action. In fact, influence others not to jump as well. But followers are not heralded in society in the same way leaders are. Why is that? We are obsessed with leaders, but we don't spend much time with followers. Followers make the world function.
The Lone Nut
Several years ago, I was introduced to a video clip that quickly became a favorite and one that we use in our leadership development curriculum. The YouTube video of the “lone nut” illustrates the value of followership. The lone nut is a young man at an outdoor concert venue with a modest smattering of people. He starts to dance to the music as an individual in an open section of the field. At first, he is the lone nut dancing among a sea of oglers. Then, one person musters up the courage to join this lone dancer. This first follower makes two. The two dance joyfully until a third individual hesitatingly joins them. Once there are three dancing, others join the group in twos and threes. Some that were at first scoffing at the lone nut look to their friends sitting next to them, shrug their shoulders, and join in. Not only was it now safe for followers to join in but also they might be outcasts if they did not.
This example is not a perfect business example because it takes place at a festival. The individuals did not need to follow to accomplish a transformation effort or fulfill the mission of any organization. They were simply out to have some fun. None risked their career, nor did they have to worry about getting their other work done. But the example does highlight some key elements of leadership and followership.
First, let's look at the lone nut. The lone nut was an individual with an idea; in this case, an idea that there should be dancing at the festival. He demonstrated courage and he took action. He was not a particularly good dancer but his conviction that there ought to be dancing at the festival and that he would lead by example gave him the gumption to take charge. Have you ever found yourself taking a stance that has not yet been expressed? If so, you are playing the role of the lone nut.
Now the first follower is an important distinction. The first follower has that unique blend of leadership and followership characteristics. The first follower is a true Amplifier. Had the first follower never followed the lone nut, the lone nut never would have become a leader. He just remains the lone nut. The first follower needs courage. The first follower does not know if the rest of the crowd will think dancing in an open field is a good idea. The first follower also must display a similar level of courage and action. It is now much safer for the second follower to participate, yet there is still some risk of being ostracized. The lone nut and the first follower have taken some risk out of the equation for the others.
The second follower may be following for a variety of reasons. It might be that they truly respect the lone nut or first follower and will always follow them. It could be that they are bored and open for a new challenge. As the three are dancing in the field and other followers start to join, you can see that the idea is beginning to take hold and that it is now entirely safe for others to join in. As people join the group in twos and threes, more and more people join until there is now a large crowd dancing in the field. What's fascinating to me is that there was no big change management plan necessary to motivate this large crowd to get off their picnic blankets and into the open field to dance away. It was a spontaneous burst of energy inspired by the lone nut but made possible by the first follower.
Our research suggests that once there are three, or as we call it, the power of three, the environment is safe enough for voices to be heard and change to occur. Once the lone nut was surrounded not just by the first follower but by the second follower, there were three people up and dancing. The power of three in a team or a work group provides safety and enough support for each other that they can express their points of view in a constructive manner. As pressure mounts on boards of directors to become more diverse, there is a school of thought that gender and racial diversity on boards is imperative. Some proposals call for boards to have at least 40 percent gender diversity. Behind this research is the data that support the concept of the power of three and how it enables individuals to gain confidence in speaking up with opposing positions or points of view.
Why is it that followership has such a bad stigma in our society? In religious context, followership is worthy. Such was the case for the followers of Moses or Jesus. These followers believed in their leaders. They willingly chose to follow them. They trusted that these leaders had their best interests in mind and that they were there to serve them. The leaders showed their followers a better way to live. The leaders had a positive vision for the future and influenced their followers to take positive action to achieve the desired end state. Following is a basic human behavior, but courageous following is more difficult and can be developed.
Why do we follow? There are several reasons we may find ourselves following someone or something. Generally, as followers we are either obligated, compelled, or inspired. Obligatory followership comes into play in many aspects of our life, such as following traffic regulations, instructions from a teacher, visits to the DMV, and the like. Inspirational followership exists when we follow the purpose of an organization or our inner motives to take action. We may not be following the leader, but the cause the individual is trying to achieve.
One of the common themes from Amplifiers I've encountered over the years is how they frame their strategy and decision-making to support a greater purpose. Ann-Marie Campbell, executive vice president of U.S. Stores and International Operations at The Home Depot, advocates for “purpose over titles.” She favors purpose first, then position. If a customer needs something in the store, the purpose is to help the customer—the titles go out the door. She likens it to servant leadership, that leaders are there to serve the customers and store associates. Furthermore, Campbell dedicates substantial time walking the stores to better understand the consumer needs as well as those of The Home Depot associates on the front lines. By doing this, she is able to best understand the market that supports her decision-making, but more importantly, she scouts talent to find exemplary followers and future leaders of action and purpose.
The definition of followership is broken into three levels:
The capacity or
