following administration of inferior alveolar nerv...Figure 8.42 Broken needle remaining during the administration of inferior al...9 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 CBCT in assessing different root canal types. Selected sectional ...Figure 9.2 C‐shaped root canal. Serial axial CBCT image showing a C‐shaped r...Figure 9.3 Accessory canal. Selected cross‐sectional CBCT image showing a la...Figure 9.4 Buccal cortical plate perforation associated with accessory canal...Figure 9.5 Pulp chamber floor anatomy. Cropped surface rendering 3D CBCT ima...Figure 9.6 Dens invaginatus. Selected cross‐sectional CBCT image showing an ...Figure 9.7 Calcified root canal. Selected cross‐sectional CBCT image of a le...Figure 9.8 Pulp stones. Selected cross‐sectional CBCT image demonstrating a ...Figure 9.9 Pulp sclerosis. (a) Axial and (b) sagittal CBCT images showing a ...Figure 9.10 Pulp sclerosis associated with history of trauma. (a) Serial axi...Figure 9.11 Missed root canals. (a–e) Selected serial axial CBCT images in d...Figure 9.12 Missed root canal. (a) Axial, (b) cross‐sectional, (c) reformatt...Figure 9.13 Missed root canal filling. Various CBCT reconstructions indicati...Figure 9.14 Over‐extension. Selected cross‐sectional CBCT images of differen...Figure 9.15 Over‐extension of root canal fillings into the soft tissue. (a) ...Figure 9.16 Over‐extension of gutta‐percha into buccal soft tissue. (a) 3D s...Figure 9.17 Under‐extension of root canal filling. Selected cross‐sectional ...Figure 9.18 Sealer puff. Selected cross‐sectional CBCT images of different p...Figure 9.19 Massive sealer puff into the maxillary sinus. (a) Maximum intens...Figure 9.20 Sealer puff. (a) Cross‐sectional, (b) reformatted panoramic, and...Figure 9.21 Poor obturation. Sagittal CBCT images of different patients with...Figure 9.22 Poor obturation in maxillary second premolar. (a) Cross‐sectiona...Figure 9.23 Transportation. Serial axial CBCT images showing transportation ...Figure 9.24 Poor obturation. (a) Reformatted panoramic and (b) cross‐section...Figure 9.25 External root resorption in poorly obturated maxillary central i...Figure 9.26 Fractured endodontic file. (a) Cross‐sectional and (b) CBCT imag...Figure 9.27 Lateral root perforation caused by custom‐made post. Sagittal CB...Figure 9.28 Internal root resorption. Selected cross‐sectional CBCT images o...Figure 9.29 Internal root resorption. (a) Cross‐sectional and (b) serial axi...Figure 9.30 Internal root resorption extending to the outer surface of the r...Figure 9.31 External root resorption.Figure 9.32 Retrograde root canal filling and mineral trioxide aggregate (MT...Figure 9.33 Surgical scar involving inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) canal. Cro...Figure 9.34 Surgical scar. (a) Reformatted panoramic, (b) cross‐sectional, (...Figure 9.35 CBCT in assessing vertical and horizontal bone loss. (a) Vertica...Figure 9.36 Generalized periodontitis. The distance from CEJ to alveolar cre...Figure 9.37 Generalized periodontitis with vertical defects. Reformatted pan...Figure 9.38 Multiple localized vertical bone loss lesions. Note the open con...Figure 9.39 Localized vertical bone loss. Note the heavy calculus formation ...Figure 9.40 Periodontal lesions with no remaining bony wall. (a) The patient...Figure 9.41 One‐wall intra bony periodontal defect. 3D surface rendering CBC...Figure 9.42 Two‐wall intra bony periodontal defect. Serial modified sagittal...Figure 9.43 Three‐wall intra bony periodontal defect. The only missing bony ...Figure 9.44 Two intra bony periodontal defects in neighboring teeth. 3D surf...Figure 9.45 Furcation involvement. CBCT could reveal occult periodontal lesi...Figure 9.46 Impact of section thickness in detecting a periodontal lesion in...Figure 9.47 Furcation involvement in a case with root amputation. (a) Serial...Figure 9.48 Periodontal pockets caused by impacted third molars. (a) Axial a...Figure 9.49 Calculus formation in deep periodontal pocket. (a) Coronal, (b) ...Figure 9.50 Dental calculus. Reformatted panoramic view showing dental calcu...Figure 9.51 Cephalometric landmarks. (1) Glabella (G): most anterior point o...Figure 9.52 Three‐dimensional evaluation. Various CBCT viewers providing dif...Figure 9.53 Left maxillary sinus volume measurement. CBCT enables maxillary ...Figure 9.54 Reconstructing projection radiographs. Using the x‐ray 3D view o...Figure 9.55 More facial height can be scanned with the patient‘s head tilted...Figure 9.56 Orthodontic tooth movement and resultant PDL widening. (a) Recon...Figure 9.57 Ankyloses. Impacted premolar with difficulty in eruption and res...Figure 9.58 Idiopathic osteosclerosis inhibiting orthodontic tooth movement....Figure 9.59 Ankyloses of primary left first molar and alveolar bone sclerosi...Figure 9.60 Severe deep bite. Sectioned 3D CBCT images of a patient with sev...Figure 9.61 Impacted right mandibular molars. (a) Cropped panoramic and (b) ...Figure 9.62 Transposition of left canine and first premolar, absence of righ...Figure 9.63 Bilateral palatal impacted maxillary canines. Anterosuperior (le...Figure 9.64 Space loss and malpositioned impacted canines. Various 3D surfac...Figure 9.65 Mesiodense. CBCT 3D reconstruction showing the presence of a mal...Figure 9.66 Partial transposition of right canine and first premolar. (a) Ax...Figure 9.67 Palatally positioned left canine. (a) Axial, (b) reformatted pan...Figure 9.68 Patient in need of orthosurgery due to severe malocclusion. 3D C...Figure 9.69 Impacted permanent canines with orientation toward midline. Note...Figure 9.70 Bilateral impacted mandibular canine and supernumerary incisors....Figure 9.71 Manual tooth segmentation to locate and analyze anatomical struc...Figure 9.72 Left palatal cleft. (a) Reconstructed panoramic, (b) 3D transpar...Figure 9.73 Assessment of volume of palatal cleft prior to bone graft. CBCT ...Figure 9.74 Bilateral palatal cleft. (a) MIP, (b) 3D surface rendering, and ...Figure 9.75 Mid‐palatal screw. (a) Occlusal and (b) sagittal 3D surface rend...
10 Chapter 10Figure 10.1 Inflammatory pulpo‐periapical lesion. (a) Cross‐sectional view o...Figure 10.2 Radicular cyst. (a) Cross‐sectional view showing a well‐defined ...Figure 10.3 Radicular cyst. (a) Reformatted panoramic image showing a well‐d...Figure 10.4 Bilateral radicular cyst of primary molars. (a) Reformatted pano...Figure 10.5 Multiple cysts of jaw. Reformatted panoramic images from (a) max...Figure 10.6 Residual cyst. (a) Reformatted panoramic and (b) cross‐sectional...Figure 10.7 Healing process in residual odontogenic cyst. (a) Reformatted pa...Figure 10.8 Large infected radicular cyst. (a) Coronal, (b) sagittal, (c) ax...Figure 10.9 Periocoronitis. (a) Cropped panoramic reformat and (b) cross‐sec...Figure 10.10 Chronic osteomyelitis. (a) Axial, (b) cross‐sectional, (c) refo...Figure 10.11 Chronic osteomyelitis. (a) Axial image showing lytic destructio...Figure 10.12 Chronic osteomyelitis. (a) Reformatted panoramic image showing ...Figure 10.13 Chronic osteomyelitis caused by infected remained root. (a) Axi...Figure 10.14 Chronic osteomyelitis at the site of extracted right third mola...Figure 10.15 Hyperplastic follicle. (a) Reformatted panoramic image showing ...Figure 10.16 Dentigerous cyst. (a) Reformatted panoramic image with hash lin...Figure 10.17 Odontogenic kerato cyst (OKC). (a) Reformatted panoramic and (b...Figure 10.18 OKC. (a) Reformatted panoramic and (b) cross‐sectional images s...Figure 10.19 Small cyst‐like OKC. Axial view showing a well‐defined corticat...Figure 10.20 OKC. Note the scalloping feature between the teeth.Figure 10.21 Multiple OKCs in a patient with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syn...Figure 10.22 Healing OKC. (a) Reformatted panoramic and (b) cross‐sectional ...Figure 10.23 Lateral periodontal cyst (LPC). (a) Reformatted panoramic and (...Figure 10.24 Botryoid odontogenic cyst. (a) Axial, (b) cross‐sectional, and ...Figure 10.25 Bilateral buccal bifurcation cyst (BBC). (a) Reformatted panora...Figure 10.26 Glandular odontogenic cyst. (a) Axial, (b) cropped panoramic, a...Figure 10.27 Odontogenic myxoma in anterior mandible. (a) Reformatted panora...Figure 10.28 Ameloblastoma in posterior mandible. (a) Reformatted panoramic,...Figure 10.29 Unicystic ameloblastoma. The lesion has developed pericoronal t...Figure 10.30 Desmoplastic ameloblastoma. (a) Reformatted panoramic, (b) axia...Figure 10.31 Ameloblastic fibroma. (a) Reformatted panoramic, (b) cross‐sect...Figure 10.32 Ameloblastic fibro‐odontoma. (a) Reformatted panoramic and (b) ...Figure 10.33 Cystic odontoma. (a) Reformatted panoramic, (b) axial, and (c) ...Figure 10.34 Compound odontoma. (a) Reformatted panoramic, (b) maximum inten...Figure 10.35 Complex odontoma. (a) 3D surface rendering showing severe expan...Figure 10.36 Infection superimposed on complex odontoma. (a) Coronal, (b) sa...Figure 10.37 Hypercementosis. (a) Reformatted panoramic and (b) cross‐sectio...Figure 10.38 Cementoblastoma. (a) Reformatted panoramic image showing an amo...Figure 10.39 Periapical cemento osseous dysplasia (PCOD) at apex of left man...Figure 10.40 PCOD in early radiolucent stage. (a) Reformatted panoramic and ...Figure 10.41 Fibro‐osseous lesion inferior to IAN canal. (a) Reformatted pan...Figure 10.42 PCOD at site of previously extracted tooth. (a) Reformatted
