Fundamental Techniques
5.1 Introduction to Fundamental Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment
5.2 Assessments Within an Operational Risk Management System
5.3 Hazard Analysis vs. Risk Assessment
5.4 The Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment Process
5.5 Fundamental Methods
5.6 Informal Methods
5.7 Formal Methods
5.8 Conclusion
References
Appendix A
Appendix B Common Hazards and Descriptions
Appendix C Personal Protective Equipment Hazard Assessment Form Example
10 6 Preliminary Hazard and Risk Analysis 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Preliminary Hazard List 6.3 PHAs and Their Application 6.4 The Control of Hazardous Energy 6.5 Fundamental System Safety Tenets 6.6 Conducting a Preliminary Hazard and Risk Analysis (PHRA) 6.7 Scoring Systems 6.8 Practical Application 6.9 Summary References Practical Example
11 7 “What‐if” Analysis Methods 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Traditional What‐if Methods 7.3 Application of What‐if Analysis 7.4 Process Steps for What‐if Analysis 7.5 Introduction to the Structured What‐if Risk Assessment (SWIFRA) 7.6 Severity of Injury or Harm 7.7 Case Study – SWIFRA of Chemical Release Event 7.8 CSB Investigation Summary 7.9 Analyzing the Case Study 7.10 Conclusion References
12 8 Failure Mode and Effects Analysis 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Purpose and Use 8.3 Defining Failure Modes 8.4 Risk Description Considerations 8.5 FMEA Process Steps 8.6 Practical Application 8.7 Summary References
13 9 Bow‐Tie Analysis Methodology 9.1 Introduction 9.2 History 9.3 Overview 9.4 Practical Application 9.5 Summary References
14 10 Layers of Control Analysis 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Strategies for Reducing Operational Risk 10.3 Hierarchy of Risk Treatment 10.4 Developing a Risk Treatment Plan 10.5 The Concept of Layers of Protection 10.6 Analyzing Layers of Control 10.7 Layers of Protection Analysis (LOPA) 10.8 LOMA 10.9 Barrier Analysis 10.10 Layers of Control Analysis (LOCA) 10.11 Conclusion References
15 11 Prevention Through Design (PtD) and Design Safety Reviews 11.1 Introduction 11.2 The Concept of Prevention Through Design (PtD) 11.3 PtD Definitions 11.4 Risk Assessment Process and the PtD Model 11.5 Challenges and Obstacles to Overcome 11.6 Standards Requiring Design Safety 11.7 The Review of Designs 11.8 Hazardous Energy Control
