their implementation based on the different levels of severities of COVID‐19 among the population of India presented here. It is highly desirable that other global regions take strict action to reduce exposure of their people for curtailing the spread of infection and provide timely support to facilitate the recovery of infected individuals.
References
1 Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export and Development Authority (APEDA) (2019). Basmati Survey ‐ Report‐1., Basmati Acreage & Yield Estimation in Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh. Western Uttar Pradesh and Parts of Jammu & Kashmir, 52. New Delhi: Geotrans Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Basmati Export Development Foundation, APEDA.
2 Ceballos, F., Kannan, S., and Kramer, B. (2020). Impacts of a national lockdown on smallholder farmers' income and food security: empirical evidence from two states in India. World Dev. 136: 1050–1069.
3 Chaba, A.A. and Damodara, H. (2020). The Covid Nudge: Labour shortage makes Punjab, Haryana farmers switch from paddy to cotton. The Indian Express. https://indianexpress.com/article/india/covid‐19‐punjab‐haryana‐farmers‐paddy‐cotton6385600.
4 Chakrabarti, S., Khan, M.T., Kishore, A. et al. (2019). Risk of acute respiratory infection from crop burning in India: estimating disease burden and economic welfare from satellite and national health survey data for 250 000 persons. Int. J. Epidemiol. 48 (4): 1113–1124.
5 Chakraborty, D., Ladha, J.K., Rana, D.S. et al. (2017). A global analysis of alternative tillage and crop establishment practices for economically and environmentally efficient rice production. Nat. Sci. Rep. 7: 9342.
6 Chander, M. (2020). COVID‐19 crisis in India: How extension and advisory services can help. Agrilinks, Feed the Future, USAID. https://www.agrilinks.org/post/covid‐19‐crisis‐india‐how‐extension‐advisory‐services‐can‐help (accessed 5 May 2020).
7 Chander, S. and Mohan, B. (2020). Effect of planting date of rice on brown planthopper. Indian J. Entomol. 82 (2): 277–279.
8 Chatterjee, P., Nagi, N., Agarwal, A. et al. (2020). The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic: a review of the current evidence. Indian J. Med. Res. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_519_20.
9 FAO (2020). Covid‐19 Pandemic: Impact on Food and Agriculture. Rome: Food and Agricultural Organisation http://www.fao.org/2019‐ncov/q‐and‐a/en.
10 Gaydon, D.S., Balwinder‐Singh, P.L., Poulton, H. et al. (2017). Evaluation of the APSIM model in cropping systems of Asia. Field Crop Res. 204: 52–75.
11 Gupta, S., Kishore, A., Alvi, M., and Singh, V. (2020a). Designing better input support programs: lessons from zinc subsidies in Andhra Pradesh, India. PLoS One 15 (12) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242161.
12 Gupta, N., Tomar, A., and Kumar, V. (2020b). The effect of COVID‐19 lockdown on the air environment in India. Glob. J. Environ. Sci. Manag. 6 (Special Issue (Covid‐19)): 31–40.
13 Jat, H.S., Sharma, P.C., Datta, A. et al. (2019). Re‐designing irrigated intensive cereal systems through bundling precision agronomic innovations for transitioning towards agricultural sustainability in north‐West India. Nat. Sci. Rep. 9: 17929.
14 Khan, T., Kishore, A., and Joshi, P.K. (2016). Gender Dimensions on Farmers' Preferences for Direct‐Seeded Rice with Drum Seeder in India. New Delhi: International Food Policy Research Institute.
15 Kumar, A., Padhee, A.K., and Kumar, S. (2020). How Indian agriculture should change after COVID‐19. Food Secur. 12 (4): 837–840.
16 Kumar, P., Singh, S.S., Pandey, A.K. et al. (2021). Multi‐level impacts of the COVID‐19 lockdown on agricultural systems in India: the case of Uttar Pradesh. Agric. Syst. 187: 103027.
17 Linton, N.M., Kobayashi, T., Yang, Y. et al. (2020). Incubation period and other epidemiological characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus infections with right truncation: a statistical analysis of publicly available case data. J. Clin. Med. 9 (2): 538.
18 Lowe, M. and Roth, B. (2020). India's Supply Chain Unchained. New Delhi, India. http://southasia.ifpr: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), South Asia Office http://i.info/2020/06/18/indias‐supply‐chains‐unchained.
19 Mahendra Dev, S. (2020). Addressing COVID‐19 impacts on agriculture, food security, and livelihoods in India, IFPRI Blog.
20 Mahendra Dev, S. and Sengupta, R. (2020). Covid‐19: Impact on the Indian economy. Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
21 Mohan, V., Dash, D.K., Dikshit, R. et al. (2020). How agriculture stayed resilient despite Covid shock, Times of India, Opinion Article, May 30, 2020. In: How agriculture stayed resilient despite Covid shock ‐ Times of India. indiatimes.com.
22 Prasad, R. (2020). Effect of different dates of rice transplanting on incidence and abundance of major insect pests and the crop yield. J. Eco‐friend Agricult. 15 (1): 67–69.
23 Raghunathan, K., Kannan, S., and Quisumbing, A.R. (2019). Can women's self‐help groups improve access to information, decision‐making, and agricultural practices? The Indian case. Agric. Econ. 50 (5): 567–580. https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.12510.
24 Shyamsundar, P., Springer, N.P., Tallis, H. et al. (2019). Fields on fire: alternatives to crop residue burning in India. Science 365 (6453): 536–538.
25 Singh, R.K., Drews, M., De la Sen, M. et al. (2020). Short‐term statistical forecasts of COVID‐19 infections in India. Ieee Access 8: 186932–186938.
26 Singh, R.K., Drews, M., De la Sen, M. et al. (2021). Highlighting the compound risk of COVID‐19 and environmental pollutants using geospatial technology. Sci. Rep. 11 (1): 1–12.
27 Sohrabi, C., Alsafi, Z., O'Neill, N. et al. (2020). World Health Organization declares global emergency: a review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID‐19). Int. J. Surg. 76: 71–76.
28 The Hindu Business Line (2020). Covid‐19 lockdown estimated to cost India $4.5 billion a day: acuité ratings. The Hindu Business Line. http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/covid‐19‐lockdown‐estimated‐to‐cost‐india‐45‐billion‐a‐day‐acuit‐ratings/article31235264.ece.
29 The Indian Express (2020). Stock markets post worst losses in history; aensex crashes 3,935 points amid coronavirus lockdown. The Indian Express. https://indianexpress.com/article/business/market/bse‐sensex‐nse‐nifty‐stock‐market‐live‐updates‐coronavirus‐global‐markets6327415/.
