780 764
781 765
782 766
783 767
784 769
785 770
786 771
787 772
788 773
789 774
790 775
791 776
792 777
793 778
794 779
795 780
796 781
797 782
798 783
799 784
800 785
801 786
802 787
803 788
804 789
805 790
806 791
807 792
808 793
809 794
810 795
811 796
The Official (ISC)2® SSCP® CBK® Reference
Sixth Edition
MICHAEL S. WILLS, SSCP, CISSP, CAMS
Copyright © 2022 by (ISC)2
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
Published simultaneously in Canada.
978-1-119-87486-7
978-1-119-87488-1 (ebk.)
978-1-119-87487-4 (ebk.)
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4470, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permission.
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales or promotional materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every situation. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services. If professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom. The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware the Internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read.
For general information on our other products and services or for technical support, please contact our Customer Care Department within the United States at (800) 762-2974, outside the United States at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic formats. For more information about Wiley products, visit our web site at www.wiley.com.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2022930202
Trademarks: WILEY, the Wiley logo, and the Sybex logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates, in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. (ISC)2, SSCP, and CBK are registered trademarks or certification marks of International Information Systems Certification Consortium, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.
Cover design: Wiley and (ISC)2
Acknowledgments
This newly revised sixth edition that you hold in your hands is the culmination of more than a year of effort with the team at (ISC)2 that I had the privilege of working with. This Common Book of Knowledge reflects the consensus across that team of the know-how that SSCPs need, on the job, to be part of maintaining the safety, security, integrity, and availability of the information systems we all depend upon.
Where it achieves that objective, and provides you value in the years to come—is a testament to the generosity of everyone on that combined set of project teams in sharing their insights with me. (And where it fails to work well, or work at all, it's my own darned fault.) Countless hours on Zoom and Webex with subject-matter experts like Graham Thornburrow-Dobson, John Warsinksi, Maytal Brooks-Kempler, Laural Hargadon, and Fabio Cerullo sharpened my thinking and focused my writing more toward the operational aspects of cybersecurity and less on the theoretical. A special thank-you too goes out to Kaitlyn Langenbacher, the project owner for those updates at (ISC)2, and all of the editors and proofreaders working with her; throughout all of that, the support, questions, and co-creativity they brought made this work a truly joint, collaborative one. I would also like to acknowledge my faculty teammates here at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University for sharing their frank and candid views throughout many conversations on making this body of knowledge accessible and engaging in the classroom. The ideas and experiences of Drs. Aaron Glassman and Jason Clark have also profoundly affected my approach to what you see before you here in this book.
Since this book needed to speak to troubleshooters,
