Australian History For Dummies. Alex McDermott
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This was exciting stuff — for everyone bar the Exclusives. For these people it was frightening. The stigma of coming to a convict colony was bad enough. If word started getting back to Britain that felons and free settlers intermingled easily throughout society, just think of the disgrace! They feared social contamination. And, more than that, they thought, strongly, that if you’d committed a crime and been transported, it just wasn’t right that afterwards you’d be treated like everyone else.
Creating outrage back home
The Exclusives in NSW sent impassioned letters about the state of affairs under Macquarie to various people in power and with influence in Britain. And most people in Britain completely shared the Exclusives’ attitudes.
While the Exclusives were the singular minority in the colonies, their attitudes reflected what most people thought back home. Members of the British Parliament, and readers of popular periodicals, were duly outraged when they heard and read that a society made up largely of ex-criminals had so lost its sense of respectable decency that ex-thieves not only enjoyed the most luxurious mansions in Sydney town but also served as magistrates and dined regularly with the governor. Had the whole colony gone completely mad?! This was a world too topsy-turvy for good sense.
Big World Changes for Little NSW
Trouble was brewing for Macquarie among the Exclusives in NSW and those in power in Britain. The situation was then made worse by forces largely outside Macquarie’s control — in particular, the end of the Napoleonic War.
Coping with the deluge following Waterloo
If Macquarie might have learned a moral from his time in NSW, it might have been a rueful ‘Be careful what you wish for’. His request for more convicts to keep the engines of prosperity and growth turning over had been roundly ignored for the first five years of his administration. However, from 1816 it was answered with a deluge to make up for the scarcity of the last 25 years.
Britain starts paying attention again (unfortunately!)
The end of the Napoleonic War meant Britain start paying attention to the penal colony again but, curiously, this wasn’t really a good thing. Scrutiny of the far-off colony of NSW started to increase — and for Macquarie, and most of the convicts and ex-convicts in NSW and Van Diemen’s Land, this scrutiny didn’t bode well.
With the end of the wars and the beginning of a long period of peace, Britain began to experience increased economic depression and social turmoil. Increased crime led many to begin asking questions about the current system of crime prevention and punishment. They weren’t greatly impressed by the answers.
Bringing back terror
The strange thing about NSW was that it was begun as a place of punishment, yet for many convicts who arrived in the period up to and including Macquarie’s rule, it had proved to be a place of freedom and opportunity. Macquarie’s idea of a society of second chances (building on the reality he’d found on his arrival and undoubtedly popular in a colony chiefly made up of convicts and ex-convicts) cut less mustard in Britain, where the late 1810s saw greater scrutiny and debate about the nature of life in NSW.
In the House of Commons, a parliamentarian denounced the rule of Macquarie for being both expensive and chronically slack. The story of D’Arcy Wentworth, last seen leaving England after being caught as a highwayman and now the Chief of Police in Sydney, was repeated with anger.