20" in a runway report mean?
a) Breaking action medium
b) Breaking action good
c) Breaking action poor
d) Breaking action unreliable
41. The published transition altitude is 5000 ft, the present QNH is 1005 hPa. What is the transition level?
a) FL 50
b) FL 60
c)FL 70
d) FL 80
42. The published transition altitude is 5000 ft, the present QNH is 1015 hPa. What is the transition level?
a) FL 50
b) FL 60
c) FL 70
d) FL 80
43. The published transition altitude is 5000 ft, the present QNH is 977 hPa. What is the transition level?
a) FL 50
b) FL 80
c) FL 70
d) FL 60
44. An aircraft on an IFR flight at FL 100 approaches an aerodrome for landing. The QNH given is 1018 hPa; the transition altitude is 5000 ft. When shall the pilot change the altimeter setting to QNH? When...
a) leaving FL 100
b) passing FL 50
c) passing FL 70
d) passing FL 60
45. The pilot of an arriving IFR flight shall change altimeter setting from 1013,2 hPa to QNH during the descent...
a) when passing the transition altitude
b) when commencing descent
c) after having passed the transition layer
d) when passing the transition level
46. The pilot of a departing IFR flight shall change altimeter setting from QNH to standard altimeter setting 1013,2 hPa when ...
a) passing transition level
b) reaching transition level
c) passing transition altitude
d) leaving the transition layer
Solutions:
1a, 2a, 3d, 4d, 5a, 6c, 7d, 8c, 9c, 10b, 11a, 12a, 13d, 14b, 15b, 16a, 17a, 18a, 19b, 20b, 21a, 22a, 23d, 24a, 25b, 26c, 27d, 28a, 29d, 30d, 31a, 32a, 33a, 34a, 35d, 36d, 37a, 38d, 39b, 40c, 41c, 42b, 43b, 44d, 45d, 46c
Chapter 2
Aviation Organizations
International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO
The rapid development in international aviation prior and after the second world war forced the the United Nation to find a aviation organization. The first step was done in 1944 when the PICAO (Provisional International Civil Aviation Organisation), a preliminary aviation organization, was found in Chicago. After acceptance of the “Agreement of Chicago” the International Civil Organization (ICAO) was found on April 4th 1947. More than 140 members of the United Nations participate this organisation. In the year 1967 the Bundesrepublik Deutschland became also member of the ICAO.
Bundesminister für Verkehr
The Bundesminister für Verkehr (BMV) is responsible for all aviation affairs in the Bundesrepublik Deutschland such as aviation law, aviation admission, research, international cooperation and air traffic.
For this behalf the BMV has found several offices to look after special assignments:
LBA (Luftfahrtbundesamt)
DWD (Deutscher Wetterdienst)
Deutsche Flugsicherung DFS GmbH
DFS Deutsche Flugsicherung GmbH
The Deutche Flugsicherung DFS GmbH was found as BFS (Bundesanstalt für Flugsicherung) in 1953 and changed to a privat GmbH in 1994.
The DFS is responsible for air traffic control in the controlled airspace of Germany and on internatioal German airports.
The DFS may forbid totally or partly visual air traffic in airspaces “C” and/or “D”.
Die DFS consists of
Unternehmenszentrale, situated at Langen (Hessen)
Control tower service at the international airports and aera control at Bremen, Berlin, Karlsruhe, München and Langen
The air traffic services comprises
Air traffic control service This will be done in the control airspace (C, D, E) by radar and/or tower control service. Clearances and advises will be done via radiotelephony.
The three basic control units are TOWER Control (TWR), Approach Control(APP) and Area Control (ACC)
Flight information service This service is executed by radar service to provide pilots with information and hints necessary for a safe and afficient conduct of flights. This service is only during flight available.
Flight alerting service With filing a flight plan the pilot gets flight alerting service automatically either by AIS (aeronautical information service) or by aerodrome control tower.
Aeronautical information service This service is only available prior or after the flight. Here you can file flight plans and they are responsible for all questions regarding flight plan, airspace structure, NOTAMs and procedures. This service is available only via telephone, FAX or internet.
Aeronautical teletype service This service is responsible for the collection and dissemination of flight plans, NOTAMs etc. Pilots normally don’t have contact with this service
Aeronautical navigation service This service is responsible for the safe operation of radio navigational facilities, maintenace and flight check of these facilities.
Questions on Chapter 2
1. An ATC unit is providing ...
a) aeronautical telecommunication service
b) air traffic communication
