For the first elements, freedmen usually adopted their patron’s praenomen and nomen, while freedwomen their patron’s nomen; as their name’s last element, freed persons kept the name by which they were known when they were slaves. Cf. 12.29. The names Agapete, Agapetus, Elpis, Philete, and Bostrychus are Greek and are often borne by Roman slaves and freedmen.
Literature: Bruun 2013.
To the divine spirits: For Gnaeus Arrius Agapetus.
Arria Agapete, his mother, and Bostrychus, his father, and Elpis, his mamma,30 and Philete (?), his nurse, set this up for a most dutiful son, who well deserved it. He lived three years and 45 days.
Who is the deceased? Can we establish his status?
Who are the dedicators? Can we establish their status? How are they related to Agapetus?
What can we learn about Roman slaves and freedpersons from this passage?
2.9 CIL VI, 9983: Latin Funerary Inscription, Rome (First Century CE)
Literature: Joshel 1992.
Here lies Archelaus, manager (vilicus).
What was Archelaus’ legal status upon his death? Can we tell?
FINDING SLAVES AND SLAVERY IN VISUAL AND MATERIAL CULTURE
Literature: Himmelmann 1971; Kolendo 1979; Morris 1998, 2011; Schumacher 2001; Thompson 2003; George 2011; Joshel and Petersen 2014; Osborne 2017; Binsfeld and Ghetta 2019.
2.10 The Iconography of Funerary Monuments
Literature: Reilly 1989; Zanker 1993; Schumacher 2001: 65–90; von Behren 2009; Kampen 2013.
2.10.a IG I3 1289: Funerary Relief with Greek Inscription, Athens (End of Fifth Century BCE) (Fig. 1)
Figure 1 Funerary stele, end of fifth century BCE, Athens: National Archaeological Museum of Athens, inv. no. 3624, image provided under CC BY license from Wikimedia Commons.
Hegeso, daughter of Proxenos.
Which figure is Hegeso? How is she depicted?
Who is the other figure? How is she depicted? Can we establish her status?
What iconographic purpose does the second figure serve?
2.10.b I.S myrna 64: Funerary Relief with Greek Inscription, Smyrna, Ionia (Second Century BCE) (Fig. 2)
Figure 2 Funerary stele, second century BCE, Smyrna: Leiden, Rijksmuseum, inv. no. Pb. 75 Smyrna: image provided under CC BY licence by the Leiden Rijksmuseum.
<The people> honors Diodotos the younger, son of Diodotos.
Who are the two main figures? How are they represented and with what attributes?
Who are the smaller figures? How are they represented? Can we establish their status?
What iconographic purpose do the smaller figures serve?
2.10.c CIL XIII, 7684: Funerary Stele with Latin Inscription, Antunnacum, Germania Superior (First Century CE) (Fig. 3)
Figure 3 Funerary stele, first century CE, Antunnacum: image provided under CC BY licence from Wikimedia Commons.
Central pedestal: Firmus, son of Ecco, soldier of the Cohort of the Raeti, of the nation of the Montani, 36 years of age, with 14 (?) years of service. His heir set this up, according to the will.
Left pedestal: Fuscus, his slave.
Who is the central figure? How is he depicted?
Who is the left figure? How is he depicted?
Who is the right figure? How is he depicted?
Why is the slave represented in this monument? Could we identify him without the inscription?
2.11 SEG XXXVI 587: Funerary Stele with Greek Inscription, Amphipolis, Macedonia (ca. 100 CE) (Fig. 4)
Figure 4 Funerary stele of Aulus Caprilius Timotheos, ca. 100 CE, Amphipolis: image from J. Roger, “Inscriptions de la région du Strymone,” Revue archéologique, 1945, 24, Figure 8.
Figure 8 House of the Lake, late Hellenistic period, Delos: reproduced by permission from Zarmakoupi 2016, Figure 4.10.
Literature: Finley 1977; Kolendo 1978; Duchêne 1986; Donderer and Spiliopoulou-Donderer 1993; Rizakis 2002; Bodel 2005.
Aulus Caprilius Timotheos, freedman of Aulus, slave trader.
What is the status of the deceased? What is his profession? Do you see any contradiction in these?
What is represented on the reliefs? Are there any connections between the representations and the content of the inscription?
What attitude towards the profession of the deceased is suggested by the combination of word and image on this funerary monument?
2.12 The Warren Cup: Roman Silver Vessel (First Century CE) (Fig. 5)
Figure 5a-b The Warren cup: Roman silver vessel, first century ce: British Museum, inv. no. 1999,0426.1.
Literature: Clarke 2003:78–91; Butrica 2005: 236–8;
