Coscinodiscus sp. diatom frustule with mesh-like porous s...Figure 4.7 (a, b) showing the effect of stretching of polysaccharide network ove...5 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 (px-pz) slices of the normalized OTFs corresponding to a microscope e...Figure 5.2 Experimental setup for PC-ODT, consisting of a bright-field microscop...Figure 5.3 (a1–a2) Volumetric representation of the reconstructed 3D RI contrast...Figure 5.4 Intensity images and the corresponding RI for a Cocconeis placentula ...Figure 5.5 Reconstructed RI for (a) Cymbella subturgidula and (b) Diploneis elli...Figure 5.6 Intensity distributions in the condenser plane (xc, yc) along with th...Figure 5.7 Normalized px-pz section of AOTFs for (a) BFI with NAc=0.48, (b) BFI ...Figure 5.8 |POTF| sections calculated for ideal (theoretical) illumination: (a) ...Figure 5.9 RI contrast slices of a diatom immersed in oil and reconstructed with...
6 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Fluorescence images of the single valve of C. wailesii frustule with ...Figure 6.2 Schematic representation of the steps in the synthesis of the composi...Figure 6.3 (a) Photoluminescence quenching of diatoms in the presence of several...Figure 6.4 (a) Photoluminescence spectra of silicon diatoms after each functiona...
7 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 (a) Diatoms and Desmids from biofilm at rocks of Rajghat, Sagar, Madh...Figure 7.2.I (a) Hyalodiscus sp.; (b) (Calcareous nannofossil, Chiasmolithus sp....Figure 7.2.II (a) Unknown Stephanopyxis; (b, c) Distephanosira architecturalis; ...Figure 7.2.III (a, b) Hemiaulus polymorphus; (c) Actinocyclus octonarius var. te...Figure 7.2.IV (a, b) Silicoflagellates; (c) Corbisema apiculata; (d) Corbisema; ...Figure 7.3 (a, b) Slipway of River Thames, UK; (c) Sieve Trap for diatoms; (d) D...Figure 7.4.I (a, b) Calcareous nannofossils; (c–f) Cocconeis lineata.Figure 7.4.II (a–f) Different ornate architecture of Cyclostephamos sp.Figure 7.4.III (a–f) Different ornate architecture of various centric diatoms.Figure 7.4.IV Different ornate architecture of (a–c) Thallassiosira sp.; (d–f) N...Figure 7.4.V Different ornate architecture of (a, b) Stephanodiscus sp.; (c) Amp...Figure 7.5 Diatom community composition from the 11 different sites with commonl...Figure 7.6 (a) Cyclotella menenghiniana found at site H18 (Mahendergarh, Haryana...Figure 7.7.I Site Hot spring bathing place lower Himalayas: (a) Achnanthes sp.; ...Figure 7.7.II Site Vyas River lower Himalayas: (a) Cocconeis sp.; (b) Diatoma me...Figure 7.7.III Vyas riverlower northern Himalayas (a) Achnanthese sp. (G.V.); (b...Figure 7.7.IV Site Bishit Kalath lower Northern Himalayas (a) Gomphonema sp.; (b...Figure 7.7.V Tatttapani(Hot spring) (a) Cyclotella meneghininana; (b) Encyonema ...Figure 7.8.I (a, b) Reimeria; (c) Hantzschia amphioxys; (d) Ctenophora pulchella...Figure 7.8.II (a) Asterionella; (b) Achnanthes austriaca; (c) Cymatopleura solea...Figure 7.8.III (a, b) Reimeria; (c) Hantzschia amphioxys; (d) Ctenophora pulchel...Figure 7.8.III (a) Rhoicosphenia abbreviata; (b) Unknown.; (c) Brachysera vitera...Figure 7.9.I Nanoarray view of silica architecture at different views and positi...Figure 7.9.II (a, b) Petroneis humerosa; (c) diatoms fragmets of Petroneis humer...
8 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 X-ray microscopy of diatoms. (A) X-PEEM images of a diatom frustule d...Figure 8.2 X-ray spectroscopy of diatoms. (A) Percentage of adsorbed zinc as a f...
9 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 Representation of diatoms (adapted from [9.33]).Figure 9.2 Schematics of SERS (a) normal raman scattering (b) SERS.Figure 9.3 Schematic illustration of diatom assisted SERS.
10 Chapter 10Figure 10.1 SEM images of the diatom valves of Coscinodiscus wailesii at differe...Figure 10.2 SEM images of diatoms fabricated by in situ growth and self-assembly...Figure 10.3 Diatom-based immunoassay sensors made by a covalent bond between the...Figure 10.4 Schematic representation of the preparation of diatom-based immunose...Figure 10.5 Schematic representation of SERS-based diatom immunosensor. (a) Modi...Figure 10.6 Photoluminescence emission from diatom-based optical sensors upon (a...Figure 10.7 Schematic representation of dissolved ammonia sensing mechanism in b...Figure 10.8 Schematic representation of ribose-induced conformational change in ...
11 Chapter 11Figure 11.1 PL spectra of diatom frustules with multiple emission peaks when exc...Figure 11.2 Various types of optical properties present in diatom frustules.Figure 11.3 Methods involved in thin film deposition.Figure 11.4 Monolayer formation of diatom frustules.Figure 11.5 Steps involved in the coating antibody over diatom and bonding proce...Figure 11.6 Schematic representation of functionalization of diatom frustules.Figure 11.7 (a) Electron micrograph of amine functionalized diatom (AFD) and (b)...Figure 11.8 Electron micrographs of (a) Nitzschia sp. (b) its pore arrangement.Figure 11.9 Mechanism of Meisenheimer complex formation.Figure 11.10 Photoluminescent spectra of AFD with different concentration of 4-N...
12 Chapter 12Figure 12.1 Eukaryotic phylogenetic tree showing major groups. Diatoms belong to...Figure 12.2 Single valves of centric diatoms (a) C. wailessi (b) Actinoptychus s...Figure 12.3 Effect of monochromatic LED lights (red, green and blue) on the cell...Figure 12.4 (a) Effect of monochromatic lights on fatty acid composition in Gole...Figure 12.5 Growth and photosynthetic ability of T. pseudonana and P. tricornutu...Figure 12.6 (a) The association between growth rates and absorption coefficient ...Figure 12.7 Light absorption spectra of various characteristic pigments of Nitzs...Figure 12.8 Depending on the depth, the diatoms are subjected to different wavel...Figure 12.9 (a) Fucoxanthin content and productivities of N. laevis in different...Figure 12.10 Differences in the photosynthetic apparatus organization, thylakoid...Figure 12.11 Growth curves of P. tricornutum under (a) mFL after high light of 1...Figure 12.12 Incorporation of molecular antennae, Cy5 antennae dye in vivo in T....
List of Tables
1 Chapter 3Table 3.1 SEM and TEM analysis of diatoms.
2 Chapter 4Table 4.1 Comparison of characteristics of various microscopic techniques [4.45]...Table 4.2 Difference between pennate and centric diatoms based on AFM studies.
3 Chapter 5Table 5.1 Main works which have contribute to PC-ODT development.
4 Chapter 6Table 6.1 Some representative examples in which luminescence properties of diato...
5 Chapter 7Table 7.1 Twenty one water bodies of Haryana selected for sampling for the year ...Table 7.2 Diatom Map (D-Map) from different water bodies of Haryana during year ...Table 7.3 Diatom Map (D-Map) from different water bodies of Haryana during year ...
6 Chapter 8Table 8.1 Various X-ray techniques for diatom studies.
7 Chapter 10Table 10.1 Various diatoms used in the bio-derived sensors and their application...
8 Chapter 12Table 12.1 Role of chlorophylls and carotenoids presents in diatoms.Table 12.2 Changes in the content of pigments in response to light intensity and...
Guide
1 Cover
5 Preface
7 Index
