16Table 16.1 Spatial hierarchy of river terrain.12 Chapter 17Table 17.1 Comparison of ZIHA with alternative methods.Table 17.2 DITAP phases.Table 17.3 Food supply chain initiatives based on blockchain.
13 Chapter 19Table 19.1 Firm profile (n=18).Table 19.2 Respondent profile (n=18).Table 19.3 Degree of centrality and betweenness report.
List of Illustrations
1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 Different forms of AI [3].Figure 1.2 AI versus ML versus ANN versus DL.Figure 1.3 Types of machine learning.Figure 1.4 Generic methodology in building a model using machine learning algori...Figure 1.5 Cotton leaf disease using DT algorithm.Figure 1.6 Steps involved in advanced technologies.Figure 1.7 The lifecycle of the agriculture process.Figure 1.8 Various sensors for smart farming.Figure 1.9 Late blight and leaf spot of tomato crop.Figure 1.10 Early blight and stem rot of potato crop.
2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 Architecture of artificial neural network (original figure).Figure 2.2 Location details of Krishna Central Delta (original figure).Figure 2.3 Illustration of collection of ground sample points using EpiCollect a...Figure 2.4 (a, b). APAR and CSWI maps of KCD on October 14, 2015 (original figur...Figure 2.5 Synoptic view of spatial distribution of sample points of crop collec...Figure 2.6 Exporting the attribute values of the points to excel (original figur...Figure 2.7 Architecture of the proposed FFBPNN model (original figure).Figure 2.8 Relative error between observed and predicted crop yields of training...Figure 2.9 Relative error between observed and predicted crop yields of training...Figure 2.10 Scatter plots of actual and FFBP NN model predicted yield of sugarca...Figure 2.11 Scatter plots of actual and FFBP NN model predicted yield of sugarca...Figure 2.12 Final predicted yield map of paddy during 2015 (original figure).Figure 2.13 Final predicted yield map of sugarcane during 2015 (original figure)...
3 Chapter 3Figure 3.1 The general learning structure of ML systems.Figure 3.2 The control mechanisms of the irrigation systems.Figure 3.3 Control diagram of the irrigation system.Figure 3.4 Remote control diagram of the irrigation system.Figure 3.5 Time-line of irrigation decision systems.
4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Different types of robots in agriculture.Figure 4.2 Various tasks of field robot.
5 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 PRISMA analysis. Source: Original.Figure 5.2 Publication years analysis. Source: Clarivate Analytics.Figure 5.3 Top 10 research areas. Source: Clarivate Analytics.Figure 5.4 Technologies used for PO management. Source: Original.Figure 5.5 Word cooccurrence map (full counting). Source: VOSviewer.Figure 5.6 Map of authors. Source: VOSviewer.Figure 5.7 Citations. Source: VOSviewer.Figure 5.8 Cocitations. Source: VOSviewer.Figure 5.9 Colombia PO production. Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture.Figure 5.10 Top 5 Colombian departments with the highest palm oil production. So...
6 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Geographical position and location of Adrar Wilaya.
7 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 Runoff irrigation.Figure 7.2 Sprinkler irrigation.Figure 7.3 IoT system components diagram.Figure 7.4 Presentation of the specifications.Figure 7.5 Arduino board.Figure 7.6 Arduino interface.
8 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 Internet evolution. Source: [2].Figure 8.2 IoTs and today’s innovative farming industry. Source: data-flair.trai...Figure 8.3 IoT proliferation. source: [2].Figure 8.4 People-to-IoT ratio. Sources: Cisco IBSG, Jim Cicconi, AT&T, Stev...Figure 8.5 The future of agriculture with IoT and smart devices (a-c). Source: [...Figure 8.6 The general system architecture. Source: [2].Figure 8.7 IoT in smart farming. Source: [2].Figure 8.8 Agricultural drones. Source: [2].Figure 8.9 IoT in livestock management. Source: [2].Figure 8.10 Smart greenhouse. Source: [2].Figure 8.11 Remote sensing. Source: GrindGIS.com.Figure 8.12 GIS and the agro-ecology. Source: GrindGIS.com.Figure 8.13 GPS application in the farm field. Source: GrindGIS.com.Figure 8.14 Drought monitoring. Source: [2].Figure 8.15 Crop X is a hardware and software system that measures soil moisture...
9 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 Precision agriculture cycle. Image source: Modified from Comparetti e...Figure 9.2 Drones flying over the field and collecting images (source image: unm...Figure 9.3 Data collection from agricultural drones occurs in the stages listed ...Figure 9.4 Image captured by a drone give NDVI field map (Source image: unmanned...Figure 9.5 Drones used for spraying pesticides (source image, www.Krishigaran.co...Figure 9.6 Nanotechnology’s application in the wood product industry.
10 Chapter 10Figure 10.1 Constant cross-section channel diagram.Figure 10.2 Irrigation canal diagram.Figure 10.3 Irrigation canal section diagram.Figure 10.4 Dynamics of water consumption.
11 Chapter 11Figure 11.1 Scheme for the formation of the rational use of resources.*Figure 11.2 The system of internal interdependence and subordination of economic...
12 Chapter 12Figure 12.1 Traditional model of SCM vs Start-up model of SCM.Figure 12.2 Flow chart showing SCM of Ninjacart.Figure 12.3 Flowchart showing operations involved in preprocurement stage.Figure 12.4 Flowchart showing operations involved in postprocurement stage.Figure 12.5 Mind map of Ninjacart.Figure 12.6 Harvest the Farms model of Ninjacart.Figure 12.7 Flowchart showing future goal of sustainability of Ninjacart.
13 Chapter 13Figure 13.1 General model of the informational paradigm of organizing agricultur...Figure 13.2 The model of institutional interaction of information agents in agri...
14 Chapter 14Figure 14.1 Various AI techniques used in wastewater treatment (original diagram...
15 Chapter 15Figure 15.1 Evolution of competitive development of the national economy at the ...Figure 15.2 Competitiveness of the national economy based on innovation and inve...Figure 15.3 Conceptual scheme of the national system of indicative planning of i...Figure 15.4 Conceptual scheme of optimizing Ukrainian financial and credit syste...Figure 15.5 Algorithm for using “limited experiments” to implement measures with...Figure 15.6 Institutional Block “Indicative planning – innovative projecting” Or...
16 Chapter
