English grammar: 100 main rules. Елена Анатольевна Васильева

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style="font-size:15px;">      There is a particular order for adjectives to describe a noun.

      Opinion – SizeShapeColourPatternAge

      – OriginMaterialPurpose + Noun

      a clever young British professor

      two nice tiny round black old metal musical boxes

      that beautiful swift white new sailing boat

      2. Predicate

      The meeting was warm.

      Your mother looks sad.

      I feel good about the offer.

      A predicate adjective follows a linking verb (to be, to seem, to appear, to look, to taste, to smell, to feel, to sound), but it refers to the subject of the sentence.

      3. Subject and Object (Substantivized adjectives)

      The unemployed demanded concrete programs of public works.

      The young should help the old.

RULE 12. Cardinal and Ordinal Numerals

      

      

      

RULE 13. Fractional Numerals. Operations with Numerals

      Fractional Numerals

      Common fraction

      The numerator is a cardinal number; the denominator is an ordinal number.

      1/2 – one (a) half

      1/3 – one (a) third

      1/4 – one (a) quarter

      1/5 – one (a) fifth

      1/6 – one (a) sixth

      If the numenator is more than one, then the denominator is used in plural.

      2/3 – two thirds

      3/4 – three quarters

      5/6 – five sixths

      Decimal fraction

      Each digit is pronounced separately.

      25. 105 – two five point one nought five

      0.746 – nought point seven four six

      Operations with Numerals

      1. Addition

      1+2=3 – one plus two is (equals) three; 1, 2 – the addends, 3 – the sum

      2. Subtraction

      3–2=1 – three minus two is (makes) one; 3 – the minuend, 2 – the subtrahend, 1 – the difference

      3. Multiplication

      3*2=6 – three multiplied by two/twice three is six; 3 – the multiplicand, 2 – the multiplier, 6 – the product

      4. Division

      6:2=3 – six divided by two is three; 6 – the dividend, 2 – the divisor, 3 – the quotient

RULE 14. Numerals for Time Expressions

      

      

RULE 15. Syntactical Functions of Numerals

      Syntactical Functions of Numerals

      1. Attribute

      Do you know the seven wonders? This is Andrew's third trip abroad.

      2. Subject

      Four of them didn't join us.

      2004, 2008 and 2012 are leap years.

      3. Predicative

      They were the first.

      It's five o'clock.

      4. Object

      How many apples has he eaten? He's eaten three.

      Show me those two, please.

RULE 16. Personal Pronouns

      

RULE 17. Possessive Pronouns

      

RULE 18. Absolute Form of Possessive Pronouns

      

      

RULE 19. Reflexive Pronouns

      

RULE 20. Intensive Pronouns

      

      Note

      Intensive pronouns do not substitute nouns, but intensify their meaning.

      You must make that choice yourself.

      Andrew repaired the bike himself.

      We want to go there ourselves.

RULE 21. Demonstrative Pronouns

      Demonstrative Pronouns

      Demonstrative pronouns point to a certain object or person that can be either near or far in distance or time.

      

      Note

      1) Attribute

      This

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