Теория организации. Валентина Парахина

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Теория организации - Валентина Парахина

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      Примечания

      1

      Эмерджентность (от англ. emergence – возникающий, неожиданно появляющийся) в теории систем – наличие у какой-либо системы особых свойств, не присущих ее подсистемам и блокам, а также сумме элементов, не связанных особыми системообразующими связями; несводимость свойств системы к сумме свойств ее компонентов; синоним – «системный эффект».

      2

      PEST-анализ (иногда обозначают как STEP) – это маркетинговый инструмент, предназначенный для выявления политических (Political), экономических (Economic), социальных (Social) и технологических (Technological) аспектов внешней среды.

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