"Jugurtha," 19, 1.
163
Movers,
164
"De mirab. ausc." c. 146.
165
"Hist. nat." 16, 79.
166
Arkal or Archal may mean "fire of the All," "light of the All."
167
Etym. Magn. Γαδεῖρα.
168
Diod. 5, 19, 20.
169
On the meaning given in Avienus ("Ora marit") of Abila as "high mountain," and Calpa as "big-bellied jar," cf. Müllenhoff, "Deutsche Alterthumsk," 1, 83.
170
Strabo, pp. 169-172. Justin (44, 5) represents the Tyrians as founding Gades in consequence of a dream. In regard to the name cf. Avien. "Ora marit," 267-270.
171
Movers, "Phœniz." 2, 622. Strabo (p. 48) puts the first settlements of the Phenicians in the midst of the Libyan coast and at Gades just after the Trojan war, Velleius (1, 2, 6, in combination with 1, 8, 4), in the year 1100 B.C. Cf. Movers,
172
Sall. "Jugurtha," c. 19.
173
Ezek. xxvii. 12, 25.
174
In Strabo, p. 148; Müllenhoff,
175
Herod. 4, 152.
176
"De mirab. ausc." c. 147.
177
In Strabo, p. 148.
178
Aristoph. "Ranae," 475.
179
Diod. 5, 35; Strabo, p. 144
180
Scylax, "Peripl." c. 111.
181
Judges v. 10, 14; x. 4.
