IC3: Internet and Computing Core Certification Global Standard 4 Study Guide. Ciprian Adrian Rusen

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style="font-size:15px;">      ■ Picture files

      ■ JPEG files

      ■ GIF files (.gif)

      ■ Bitmap files (.bmp)

      ■ PNG files (.png)

      ■ TIFF files (.tif and .tiff)

      ■ RAW files (.raw)

      ■ Music files

      ■ Windows audio files (.wav)

      ■ MP3 audio files (.mp3 and .m3u)

      ■ Windows Media audio files (.asx,wm, wma, and .wmx)

      ■ Free Lossless Audio Codec files (.flac)

      ■ AAC files (.aac)

      ■ Video files

      ■ Audio Video Interleaved files (.avi)

      ■ Motion JPEG files (.avi and .mov)

      ■ Windows Media files (.wm, wmv, and .asf)

      ■ Matroska multimedia files (.mkv)

      ■ Apple QuickTime files (.mov and .qt)

      ■ MPEG Movie files (.mp4, mov,m4v, mpeg,mpg, mpe,m1v,mp2, mpv2, mod,vob, and .m1v)

      Other types of popular files are the following:

      Executable Files (.exe) Executable files can be run with a double-click.

      Text Files (.txt) Simple text documents without any kind of formatting.

      Portable Document Format Files (.pdf) A very popular type of files that is generally used for sharing non-editable documents that need to look the same on all the devices on which they are used, no matter what operating system is used.

      OpenOffice and LibreOffice Documents (.odt,.ott,.oth, and .odm) Documents created using free open-source office applications like OpenOffice and LibreOffice.

      Managing Your Files and Folders

      While working on your computer, it is better that you organize your work so that you will have an easier time finding the files you need later on. For starters, use the libraries provided by Windows 7 to store your files depending on their type. Save your pictures in the Pictures library, your documents in the Documents library, and so on.

      Once things get too crowded, you will want to create your own folders and subfolders, move files around, and delete those that you do not need. Let's take each file and folder management activity and see how it is done:

      Create a File You can create files from applications like Microsoft Office, but you can also create empty files directly from Windows Explorer. To do so, follow these steps:

      1. Open the folder where you want to store the file.

2. Right-click anywhere in the available empty space and select New and then one of the available file types, as shown in Figure 1.17.

      3. Type the name of the file and press Enter on your keyboard.

FIGURE 1.17 The types of files that can be created using the context menu in Windows Explorer

      A new file is created, with the name and type you have provided. However, the file is empty because it has no contents. If you double-click it, you can open it and edit it in the appropriate application for files of that type. Don't forget to save your edits so that they are stored inside the file.

      Create a Subfolder Subfolders are helpful when you want to better organize your files. You can create subfolders with different names and then move files into them, according to your way of organizing things. To create a subfolder, do the following:

      1. Navigate to the desired parent folder and click New Folder on the Windows Explorer toolbar.

      2. Type a name for the folder and press Enter on your keyboard.

      Alternatively, you can use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Shift+N or right-click somewhere in the available empty space and select New and then Folder.

      Copy You may want to copy a file or folder to another location. Here's how it is done:

      1. Select the file or folder that you want to copy somewhere else.

      2. Use the Copy command to copy it to a part of memory called the Clipboard.

       The Clipboard holds this information temporarily so that you can paste it somewhere else. You'll want to use the Paste command immediately after you use the Copy command. This is because the Clipboard can hold only one thing at a time. If you copy another item, the previous one is removed from the Clipboard. When you use the Copy command, the original file or folder stays where it is and is not moved. When you use Paste after the Copy command, a copy of that item is created in the desired location.

      There are several options for accessing the Copy command:

      ■ Click the file or folder you want to copy and use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+C.

      ■ Click the file or folder you want to copy and from the Organize menu in Windows Explorer click Copy.

■ Right-click the file or folder to copy and click Copy (Figure 1.18).

FIGURE 1.18 The options available in the context menu when right-clicking a file

      Paste Once you've copied something to the Clipboard, using one of the methods shared earlier, you can use the Paste command to perform the actual task of copying the item to its new location.

      1. Navigate to the location where you'd like to paste the file or folder.

      This might be a new subfolder you created, a library, or even the Desktop.

      2. Then use one of the following options:

      ■ Use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+V.

      ■ Click the Organize menu in Windows Explorer and then click Paste.

■ Right-click the empty area inside the folder or on the Desktop and click Paste (Figure 1.19).

FIGURE 1.19 The Paste option in the context menu

      Cut This command works like the Copy command, except that the selected file or folder is removed from its original location and can be moved to the new one. Be careful when using Cut and make sure that you use Paste immediately after. The problem with using Cut is that if anything fails during the moving process (after you use Paste), then you will lose the

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