Unionpay and SWIFT payment systems announced the development and plans for using the blockchain technology.
The London division of Deutsche Bank Innovation Lab is developing a blockchain-based investment system that accelerates, simplifies and cheapens the investment process by eliminating or reducing the role of intermediaries, lawyers (attorneys), auditors and clearing agents.
In July 2017, S7 Airlines and Alfa-Bank launched a blockchain platform for automation of trading operations with agents based on Ethereum. ⁵
On August 10, 2018, the World Bank authorized the Australian bank, the Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA) to issue the world’s first blockchain-based bonds. This was stated in a joint press release of the banks. The new blockchain-based debt instrument will be called “bond-i.” It will be launched after consulting with a wide range of investors who show great interest in it. The blockchain platform for bond-i was developed by the CBA Blockchain Advanced Technology Center.⁶
In early September 2018, the American company IBM, which is not only the world’s largest manufacturer and supplier of hardware and software, but also consulting services, announced the launch of the IBM Blockchain World Wire project. The payment blockchain system based on Stellar is positioned as an alternative, which is replacing a morally obsolete network for processing financial transactions that the world has been using for as long as 50 years. Integrating IBM Blockchain World Wire with existing payment systems, they said, will be able to “replace costly opacity with available transparency – and this will bring greater financial opportunities for all.” Thus, the brainchild of IBM and Stellar can compete with the traditional global payment system SWIFT. ⁷
Land registry
Sweden, Ukraine and the United Arab Emirates are planning to maintain a land registry using blockchain technology.
The government of India is fighting land fraud with the help of blockchain. Andhra Pradesh was the first Indian state where the government took steps to implement blockchain solutions. For this purpose, a technology park is planned to be created in the city of Visakhapatnam with the participation of the blockchain companies Apla, Phoenix and Oasis Grace.
Identification
In 2014, Bitnation was founded, providing such services of a traditional state as ID, notary and some others.
In June 2017, Accenture and Microsoft presented the digital identity card system on the blockchain.
In August 2017, the Brazilian government began testing the identity system for the blockchain.
Finland identifies refugees with blockchain technology.
There is a blockchain e-citizenship system in Estonia. ⁵
In September 2018, New South Wales, a state in the south-east of Australia, announced that they would transfer the state database of driver licenses to the blockchain. As part of the experiment, 140,000 drivers registered in the state will be transferred to the blockchain platform. If successful, the project will be distributed throughout Australia in 2019.
Transport
In May 2018, the Government of Malta began to actively introduce modern technologies in the country, starting with the deployment of a high-tech transport and logic platform using blockchain. This was stated in a press release from the Minister of Transport, Infrastructure and Capital Projects of Malta, Jan Borg: “We believe in Omnitude blockchain technology, its versatility and wide potential for government use. We see its potential in a number of government departments, and it will form the cornerstone of the technology platform as part of our commitment to introducing innovative technologies. This will improve the quality of life and increase access to information for Maltese citizens. Blockchain technology is a key part of our national technology strategy, which will allow us to transform various sectors.”
At the end of October 2018, the largest airline in Canada, Air Canada, announced its participation in the blockchain-based traffic distribution platform, which was developed by the Swiss startup Winding Tree. According to data released in the airline’s press release, Air Canada signed a letter of intent to participate in a decentralized platform for distributing open source traffic developed by Winding Tree. Thanks to the integration of the new blockchain platform, companies are striving to improve the distribution and sale of air transportation services. ⁸
Means of payment
The World Food Program uses blockchain technology to provide refugees with food through local outlets and networks instead of directly distributing food or giving refugees cash to buy food. The idea belongs to Houman Haddad. Biometrics is used to identify recipients of food (iris scan). Savings in 2018 through the use of this technology in Jordan alone amounted to $150,000 per month. ⁵
In the middle of October 2018, the decentralized marketplace of real estate and land title registration, Propy, announced the first sale of real estate on the blockchain in Europe. The seller from Spain and the buyer from France made a deal to sell real estate in Seville, and the calculation was made in Ethereum cryptocurrency.
According to Natalya Karayaneva, CEO of Propy, the blockchain platform allows you to conclude an international real estate transaction in the form of an ordinary online transaction, which greatly simplifies the whole process. ⁹
And these are just a few examples. In fact, the blockchain covers more and more areas of our life every day. Many (and I among them) believe that Blockchain is an important technological breakthrough that should accelerate the fourth industrial revolution.
“Blockchain makes cryptocurrencies the inevitable future of money.”
Joseph Muscat, Prime Minister of Malta
Bitcoin
And now I will tell you about the grandfather of all cryptocurrencies – about Bitcoin.
The emergence of Bitcoin was simply inevitable. Given that the gold standard was abolished in 1971, the economy became less stable, more prone to inflation, because the government can print money at its discretion that is not backed by gold. Money is now not backed up by anything. Bitcoin is also not backed by anything, but at least it is not controlled by the government, and the issue of coins is foreseen (21 million coins).
Bitcoin is a peer-to-peer payment system that uses a unit of the same name to account for transactions and a data transfer protocol of the same name. That is, this is both a payment system and a means of payment (if you do not go into the legal nuances of different countries). To ensure the functioning and protection of the system, cryptographic methods are used. All information about transactions between system addresses is available in open form.
How to start use Bitcoins
The minimum transmitted value (the smallest fragmentation value) – 10-⁸ Bitcoin – was named Satoshi in honor of the creator Satoshi Nakamoto, although he used the word “cent” in such cases.
By the way, Satoshi Nakamoto is a pseudonym, and there is no evidence that the creator of Bitcoin is from Japan. His famous report titled “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System,” also called Bitcoin White Paper, was released on October
