word.
ADDITIVE CLUE: Robin’s slayer uses extremely sharp weapon (7)
There are examples of indicators throughout this book but it would take an impossibly large volume to include all those used. There are books which list more (as covered in Chapter 13) but even they are not comprehensive. The point to bear in mind is that once you are aware of the possible clue types, you will often be able to infer from a word or words what you are being instructed to do.
What can be difficult, however, is where the same common word in the English language serves as an indicator for several clue types. The words in and about are the most problematic examples of this and you will find more about these and equally troublesome words in Chapter 10.
Chapters 1–3: summary
Here are two charts offering in summary form the basic points of Chapters 1, 2 and 3. First, a summary of clue types, typical indicators and what the solver must do:
| CLUE TYPE TYPICAL INDICATORS WHAT TO DO | ||
| Types 1–8 | Indicators included in clue | |
| ANAGRAM | New, mixed, changing, drunk, in error | Change letters to another word |
| SANDWICH (OUTSIDE) | Holding, keeps, contains | Put some letters outside others |
| SANDWICH (INSIDE) | In, breaks, cutting, interrupts | Put some letters inside others |
| HOMOPHONE | Mentioned, we hear | Find a word sounding like another |
| HIDDEN | Some, partly, within | Find a word within other words |
| REVERSAL (ACROSS CLUE) | Back, over, returns | Turn letters backwards |
| REVERSAL (DOWN CLUE) | Up, over, served up | Turn letters upwards |
| TAKEAWAY | Less, without, drop, cast | Deduct some letter(s) from a word |
| LETTER SWITCH | For, replacing, moving | Exchange or move letters |
| ALL-IN-ONE | Various, depending on wordplay | Use wordplay to find solution which is then defined by the wordplay |
| Types 9–12 | Indicators (usually) not included in clue | |
| ADDITIVE | Usually none given | Add letter(s) to other letter(s) |
| DOUBLE DEFINITION | None given | Find solution from two or more distinct definitions, side by side |
| CRYPTIC DEFINITION | None given | Find solution from puns, hints, ambiguities; ignore surface reading |
| NOVELTY | None given | Think laterally |
Second, let’s see how each clue type (apart from a novelty clue) could be applied, using the same solution word in each. That word is time
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