U. S., 592.
54
163 U. S., 101.
55
167 U. S., 442.
56
192 U. S., 226.
57
200 U. S., 316.
58
218 U. S., 161.
59
Laws of South Carolina, 1902, page 1066, section 2.
60
100 U. S., 371.
61
110 U. S., 651.
62
127 U. S., 731.
63
179 U. S., 58.
64
185 U. S.
65
189 U. S., 475.
66
193 U. S., 146.
67
The Constitution of Mississippi prescribing the qualifications for electors conferred upon the legislature the power to enact laws to carry those provisions into effect. Ability to read any section of the Constitution or to understand it when read was made a qualification necessary to a legal voter. Another provision made the qualifications for grand or petit jurors that they should be able to read and write. Upon the complaint of Negroes thus disabled the court held that these provisions do not on their face discriminate between white and Negro races and do not amount to a denial of the equal protection of the law secured by the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution. It had not been shown that their actual administration was evil, but that only evil was possible under them.
In Washington County, Mississippi, Williams had been indicted for murder by a grand jury composed of white men altogether. He moved that the indictment be quashed because the law by which the grand jury was established was unconstitutional. (
68
193 U. S., 621.
69
238 U. S., 347.
70
71
72
175 U. S., 528.
73
120 U. S., 102.
74
202 U. S., 1.
75
110 U. S., 651.
76
144 U. S., 236, 286, 293.
77
92 U. S., 214, 217.
78
110 U. S., 651.
79
178 U. S., 458, 462.
80
9 Wheaton, 738.
81
This sketch is drawn largely from a pamphlet, presented to the Association for the study of Negro Life and History by the author A. F. Fokeer. The author states that he has not had access to all the material which he desired to use, for when he applied to the municipality for one of the books concerning Ollier, he received an answer stating "that books written by Mauritians, and published in the colony are by no means to be lent to anybody." Therefore, the source from which most of our information is secured is
82
Earlier figures are not available.
83
General information concerning the island may be obtained from the following: Martin,
84
For a brief discussion of these disorders see the present writer's "Border Troubles Along the Rio Grande, 1848-1860," in
85
86
87
88
This seems to have been only one of some three or four such undertakings attempted at the time. See
89
Elsewhere written W. H. Ellis.
90
Ellis's contract promised more than this in case of larger families.
91
For the contract between Ellis and the company see
92
93
Dwyer's Report, and enclosures,
94
95
Burke to Uhl, May 28, 1895, and enclosure,
96
Olney to Butler, June 17, 1895,
97
It appears that only one band had tried to escape prior to July 18 or 19.
98
Sparks to Uhl, June 24, 1895, and enclosure,
99
100
101
Sparks to Uhl, June 4, 1895, and enclosure, pp. 13-14.
102
103
Sparks to Uhl, June 24, 1895, and enclosure, pp. 42, 65-66.
President Cleveland, in his message of December 2, 1895, urged an appropriation for the reimbursements of the railroads, and on January 27, 1896, he sent a special message to Congress with reference to the matter. Richardson,
An appropriation for urgent deficiencies which was passed on February 26, 1896, contained the following interesting item: "For the payment of the cost of transportation furnished by certain railway companies in connection with the failure of the scheme for the colonization of negroes in Mexico, necessitating their return to their homes in Alabama, … five thousand and eighty-seven dollars and nine cents." 29
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
