20cm × 40cm (8in × 1ft 4in)
Companion plants: Naturalize this one with other gravel or paving crack plants such as Viola riviniana or Alchemilla.
Annuals for very rich soil
Consolida ajacis
Larkspur Annual
Classic cornfield annual which has been bred to improve height, standing power, and colour range. The leaves are finely divided and the tall, straight stems are furnished with spurred flowers in shades of pink or blue or white. Easy to raise from seed sown in autumn or spring, directly where they are expected to flower.
Soil preference: Fertile, well-drained
Aspect: Sun
Season of interest: Summer
Height and spread: Up to 1m × 30cm (3ft 4in × 1 ft)
Companion plants: Good as a cut flower and therefore effective grown among vegetables in a kitchen garden or in a mixed border. Attractive with roses, where the straight spikes make a strong contrast and where the blues and pinks of the flowers harmonize.
Helianthus annuus
Sunflower – large varieties Annual
Biggest of the hardy annuals and raised as food crops in Central America since prehistoric times. The stout stems are strong enough to carry the massive flowers and seed heads without support. Some ornamental varieties are sterile and bear no pollen. Field crop sunflowers are golden yellow, but cultivated forms include such colourful series as ‘Ring of Fire’, whose flowers have concentric ring patterns in hues of dusky red and yellow, or ‘Moonshadow’, whose flowers are cream.
Soil preference: Rich, fertile
Aspect: Sun
Season of interest: Summer
Height and spread: Up to 3m × 1m (10ft by 3ft)
Companion plants: Useful plant to create a temporary screen, or to use as accent plants in a bedding scheme, cottage border or kitchen garden.
Linum grandiflorum
Flowering Flax Annual
Slender, almost wiry stems with narrow, pointed leaves bear a long succession of disc-shape flowers up to 4cm (1¾in) across. In the wild, these are rosy purple, but seed selections include ‘Bright Eyes’, whose flowers are white with conspicuous wine red centres, and ‘Rubrum’, whose petals are a deeper rose with dark crimson centres.
Soil preference: Any, free-draining
Aspect: Sun
Season of interest: Summer
Height and spread: 45cm × 30cm (1ft 6in × 1ft)
Companion plants: The waving stems and frail flowers look delightful among coloured grasses or sedges such as Carex comans or Molinia caerulea. Also lovely when naturalized among low-growing shrubs in a Mediterranean-style planting scheme.
Annuals for gap-filling in mixed borders
Cynoglossum amabile
Chinese Forget-me-not Annual
J. Swithinbank
Narrow, pointed leaves on branched stems are joined in early and mid-summer by clusters of small forget-me-not flowers in an intense blue. Pink and white flowered varieties are also available. The seeds are large and exceptionally hard.
Soil preference: Fertile, free-draining
Aspect: Sun or part shade
Season of interest: Summer
Height and spread: 50cm × 30cm (20in × 12in)
Companion plants: Blue forms contrast sharply with the yellows of verbascums or, from later sowings, goldenrods and yellow daisies such as rudbeckias and heleniums. The intense blue would also relieve the monotony of a cool, silvery or white theme.
Datura inoxia
Downy Thorn Apple Annual
A large, much branched, characterful annual with big, oval leaves which are downy and slightly tacky to the touch. The huge trumpet flowers – 15cm (6in) or more long – are purple tinged when in bud, but open to a soft white. In the evening and at night they are heavily scented.
Soil preference: Any fertile soil
Aspect: Sun
Season of interest: Summer, autumn
Height and spread: Up to 1m × 1m (3ft 3in × 3ft 3in)
Companion plants: One to grow on its own, but for a heady cocktail of night fragrance, plant with fragrant tobacco Nicotiana affinis and the vanilla scented heliotrope.
Malope trifida
Annual Mallow Annual
Similar to annual Lavetera trimestris, but slightly smaller with more downy, heart-shaped leaves that hang down as the plant matures. Big saucer shaped flowers appear in succession throughout summer and colours in the various seed selections range from dusky and rose pink to bright magenta, deep plum and white.
Soil preference: Fertile but well-drained
Aspect: Sun
Season of interest: Summer
Height and spread: 50–75cm × 45cm (1ft 8in–2ft 6in by 1ft 6in)
Companion plants: Better than lavatera for mixing with other such hardy annuals as cornflowers, clarkia, larkspurs, Convolvulus tricolor and corn cockle.
Zinnia
