Новый курс или кривая дорожка? Как экономическая политика Ф. Рузвельта продлила Великую депрессию. Бертон Фолсом
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107
Fred Perkins to William Borah, May 5, 1934, and July 3, 1934; Senator David Reed to Fred Perkins, June 14, 1934; York Dispatch, May 9, 1934; June 10, 1934, in Borah Papers, LC. См. также: Washington Post, December 17, 1934.
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Margaret Slamey to William Borah, April 28, 1934; газетная вырезка: “Sentences 2 in NRA Price Cut: Judge Baer Orders Jail for Markowitzes in Dry Cleaning War,” no date, Borah Papers, LC.
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R. W. Johnson to N. J. Harkness, April 28, 1934, in Borah Papers, LC.
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“Cruel and Unusual,” Washington Post, April 22, 1934; “Tugwell Vs. Maged,” New York Herald Tribune, April 23, 1934. См. также газетную вырезку “Jailing of Tailor Called Necessary,” no date, Borah Papers, LC.
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Washington Post, April 22, 1934; New York Herald Tribune, April 23, 1934. Магид скончался от рака в 1939 г. в возрасте 54 лет. См.: Time, April 10, 1939.
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Oneida Cedar & Lumber Company to Hugh S. Johnson, August 24, 1934; A. Rollman to William Borah, 28 August 28, 1934, in Borah Papers, LC.
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C. J. Gilbert to William Borah, August, 10, 1934, in Borah Papers, LC.
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Armand L. Friedlander to Borah, August 8, 1934, in Borah Papers, LC.
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Irving Fisher to Roosevelt, August 30, 1934, in Irving Fisher Papers, RPL. Фишер писал: «Если бы не страх работников и нанимателей, вызванный некоторыми положениями Нового курса, то, думаю, мы могли бы выйти из депрессии много месяцев назад…» См. также: Bellush, The Failure of the NRA, 66, 161, 142–146. Подробнее о деятельности комиссии Дэрроу см.: Stephen J. Sniegoski, “The Darrow Board and the Downfall of the NRA,” Continuity (Spring/ Fall 1990), 63–83.
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Bellush, Failure of the NRA, 136–141, 145, 148, 158–168; Ellis W. Hawley, The New Deal and the Problem of Monopoly (Princeton, N.Y.: Princeton University Press, 1966); Ohl, Hugh Johnson.
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Hadley Arkes, The Return of George Sutherland: Restoring a Jurisprudence of Natural Rights (Princeton, N.Y.: Princeton University Press, 1994), 84–86; Hawley, The New Deal and the Problem of Monopoly, 128–129.
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Philip B. Kurland and Gerhard Casper, eds., Landmark Briefs and Arguments of the Supreme Court of the United States (Arlington, Va.: University Publications of America, 1975), vol. 28, 836–837. Благодарю профессора Хедли Аркса за то, что он обратил мое внимание на этот источник.
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Frank R. Kent, Without Grease: Political Behavior, 1934–1936 (New York: William Morrow, 1936), 136, 140.
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Kent, Without Grease, 173; Ohl, Hugh Johnson, 265–267.
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James S. Olson, Historical Dictionary of the New Deal (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1985), 223–225; Hazlitt, Economics in One Lesson, 99 [Хазлитт Г. Экономика за один урок. М.: И.Д. Вильямс, 2007. С. 114].
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Paul Murphy, The Constitution in Crisis Times, 1918–1969 (New York: Harper & Row, 1972), 137. Полезная книга для осмысления взглядов Рузвельта и его противников: Thomas Sowell, A Conflict of Visions: Ideological Origins of Political Struggles (New York: William Morrow, 1987).
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Morgenthau Diary, January 4, 1937, RPL.
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Samuel I. Rosenman, ed., The Public Papers and Addresses of Franklin D. Roosevelt (New York: Random House, 1938), II, 74.
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Henry Steele Commager, ed., Documents of American History (New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1968), II, 242–255. См. также: John T. Schlebecker, Whereby We Thrive: A History of American Farming, 1607–1972 (Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1975), 234–243; Murray R. Benedict, Farm Policies of the United States, 1790–1950 (New York: Octagon, 1966 [1953]), 207–401.
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Schlebecker, Whereby We Thrive; Don Paarlberg, “Tarnished Gold: Fifty Years of New Deal Programs,” in Robert Eden, ed., The New Deal and Its Legacy (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1989), 39–47.
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Anthony J. Badger, The New Deal: The Depression Years, 1933–1940 (New York: Hill & Wang, 1989), 147; Joseph M. Jones, Jr., Tariff Retaliation: Repercussions of the Hawley-Smoot Bill (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1934).
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Harris Gaylord Warren, Herbert Hoover and the Great Depression (New York: Norton, 1967 [1959]), 172–177; Schlebecker, Whereby We Thrive, 236–237.
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Henry A. Wallace, New Frontiers (New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1934), 172–173; Paul Findley, The Federal Farm Fable (New Rochelle, N.Y.: Arlington House, 1968), 17–46; Van L. Perkins, Crisis in Agriculture: The Agricultural Adjustment Administration and the New Deal,