RUNE XLIX.
RESTORATION OF THE SUN AND MOON.
MARIATTA—WAINAMOINEN'S DEPARTURE.
PREFACE
PROEM
RUNE I. Birth of Wainamoinen
RUNE II. Wainamoinen's Sowing
RUNE III. Wainamoinen and Youkahainen
RUNE IV. The Fate of Aino
RUNE V. Wainamoinen's Lamentation
RUNE VI. Wainamoinen's Hapless Journey
RUNE VII. Wainamoinen's Rescue
RUNE VIII. Maiden of the Rainbow
RUNE IX. Origin of Iron
RUNE X. Ilmarinen forges the Sampo
RUNE XI. Lemminkainen's Lament
RUNE XII. Kyllikki's Broken Vow
RUNE XIII. Lemminkainen's Second Wooing
RUNE XIV. Death of Lemminkainen
RUNE XV. Lemminkainen's Restoration
RUNE XVI. Wainainoinen's Boat-building
RUNE XVII. Wainamoinen finds the Lost Word
RUNE XVIII. The Rival Suitors
RUNE XIX. Ilmarinen's Wooing
RUNE XX. The Brewing of Beer
RUNE XXI. Ilmarinen's Wedding-feast
RUNE XXII. The Bride's Farewell
RUNE XXIII. Osmotar, the Bride-adviser
RUNE XXIV. The Bride's Farewell
RUNE XXV. Wainamoinen's Wedding-songs
RUNE XXVI. Origin of the Serpent
RUNE XXVII. The Unwelcome Guest
RUNE XXVIII. The Mother's Counsel
RUNE XXIX. The Isle of Refuge
RUNE XXX. The Frost-fiend
RUNE XXXI. Kullerwoinen, Son of Evil
RUNE XXXII. Kullervo as a Shepherd
RUNE XXXIII. Kullervo and the Cheat-cake
RUNE XXXIV. Kullervo finds his Tribe-folk
RUNE XXXV. Kullervo's Evil Deeds
RUNE XXXVI. Kullerwoinen's Victory and Death
RUNE XXXVII Ilmarinen's Bride of Gold
RUNE XXXVIII. Ilmarinen's Fruitless Wooing
RUNE XXXIX. Wainamoinen's Sailing
RUNE XL. Birth of the Harp
RUNE XLI. Wainamoinen's Harp-songs
RUNE XLII. Capture of the Sampo
RUNE XLIII. The Sampo lost in the Sea
RUNE XLIV. Birth of the Second Harp
RUNE XLV. Birth of the Nine Diseases
RUNE XLVI. Otso the Honey-eater
RUNE XLVII. Louhi steals Sun, Moon, and Fire
RUNE XLVIII. Capture of the Fire-fish
RUNE XLIX. Restoration of the Sun and Moon
RUNE L. Mariatta—Wainamoinen's Departure
EPILOGUE
PREFACE.
The following translation was undertaken from a desire to lay before the English-speaking people the full treasury of epical beauty, folklore, and mythology comprised in The Kalevala, the national epic of the Finns. A brief description of this peculiar people, and of their ethical, linguistic, social, and religious life, seems to be called for here in order that the following poem may be the better understood.
Finland (Finnish, Suomi or Suomenmaa, the swampy region, of which Finland, or Fen-land is said to be a Swedish translation,) is at present a Grand-Duchy in the north-western part of the Russian empire, bordering on Olenetz, Archangel, Sweden, Norway, and the Baltic Sea, its area being more than 144,000 square miles, and inhabited by some 2,000,000 of people, the last remnants of a race driven back from the East, at a very early day, by advancing tribes. The Finlanders live in a land of marshes and mountains, lakes and rivers, seas, gulfs, islands, and inlets, and they call themselves Suomilainen, Fen-dwellers. The climate is more severe than that of Sweden. The mean yearly temperature in the north is about 27°F., and about 38°F., at Helsingfors, the capital of Finland. In the southern districts the winter is seven months long, and in the northern provinces the sun disappears entirely during the months of December and January.
The inhabitants are strong and hardy, with bright, intelligent faces, high cheek-bones, yellow hair in early life, and with brown hair in mature age. With regard to their social habits, morals, and manners, all travellers are unanimous in speaking well of them. Their temper is universally mild; they are slow to anger, and when angry they keep silence. They are happy-hearted, affectionate to one another, and honorable and honest in their dealings with strangers. They are a cleanly people, being much given to the use of vapor-baths. This trait is a conspicuous note of their character from their earliest history to the present day. Often in the runes of The Kalevala reference is made to the "cleansing and healing virtues of the vapors of the heated bathroom."
The skull of the Finn belongs to the brachycephalic (short-headed) class of Retzius. Indeed the Finn-organization has generally been regarded as Mongol, though Mongol of a modified type. His color is swarthy, and his eyes are gray. He is not inhospitable, but not over-easy of access; nor is he a friend of new fashions. Steady, careful, laborious, he is valuable in the mine, valuable in the field, valuable oil shipboard, and, withal, a brave soldier on land.
The
