rel="nofollow" href="#ulink_a2fc10fc-b62b-57a7-8984-5178a70f7478">22. I am grateful here for the discussion of this topic by David Leatherbarrow, The Roots of Architectcural Invention: Site, Enclosure, Materials (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), 1–6, from which I quote in my text, with my italics.
23. If these are indeed Holmes’s annotations (it is certainly his copy), p. 133, in the Rare Book Room of the Fine Arts Library, University of Pennsylvania. He also writes “simplicity” in the margin (1938, p. 67) when Tunnard calls for “a new simplicity in gardens” (p. 67); otherwise, the only annotations are pencil marks alongside various paragraphs.
24. Quoted in Jacques and Woudstra, 115.
25. See image in 1948, p. 68. Other images of the wall are in Brown, figs. 23 and (for the wall) 24. Tunnard’s various garden projects, which cannot be discussed fully in this context, are discussed fully in Jacques and Woudstra, though the relevant discussions are somewhat scattered through the volume. This is especially useful for Tunnard’s work at Gaulby, see below.
26. See Alison Hirsch, “Lawrence Halprin: The Choreography of Private Gardens,” Studies in the History of Gardens and Designed Landscapes 27, no. 4 (2007), being a collection of and commentary on Halprin’s drawings and plans of American gardens in the Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania. Halprin records both his discovery of Tunnard’s book in Wisconsin (“I realized it was speaking my language”) and his subsequent work under him at Harvard in A Life Spent Changing Places (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2011); Halprin also records Tunnard’s “helping” Philip Johnson with his garden, pp. 42–45.
27. These suburban garden ideas are illustrated in Jacques and Woudstra, 37, 39, and 40.
28. See Marc Treib and Dorothée Imbert, Garret Eckbo: Modern Landscape for Living (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997), 33–38. When Eckbo, Dan Kiley, and James Rose wrote their articles on primeval, rural, and urban environments in Architectural Record (1939–40), Tunnard was referred to as “the English landscapist.”
29. Some of these American designs are discussed and illustrated in Jacques and Woudstra, 165–78.
30. These issues have been scanned at Harvard: http://pds.lib.harvard.edu/pds/view/45295213.
31. Jacques and Woudstra, 1 and 35–36.
32. Ibid., 235–36, citing the Tunnard Yale archives.
33. From catalog entry for the exhibition “Garden and Landscape,” organized by the Institute of Landscape Architecture and held at the Royal Institute of British Architects. See Jacques and Woudstra, 38ff.
34. Jacques and Woudstra, 218.
35. Neckar, “The Garden in the Modern Landscape,” 144.
36. The first half of Tunnard’s book The City of Man (New York: Scribner’s, 1953) was firmly grounded in history, and he acknowledged a special debt to Henry Hope Reed, a determined nay-sayer on modernism.
GARDENS
IN THE MODERN LANDSCAPE
First edition printed 1938Second (revised) edition printed 1948
Printed in Great Britain by Billing and Sons Ltd., Guildford and Esher
p7358
GARDENS
IN THE MODERN LANDSCAPE
By Christopher Tunnard
Associate Professor of City Planning, Yale University
Second (revised) edition with new material on American Gardens, and a note on the Modern Garden by Dean Joseph Hudnut of Harvard University
London: The Architectural Press
New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons
CONTENTS
The Grotto. A manifestation of the taste for “Awful Beauty” in the eighteenth-century garden
A Garden Landscape, 1740. Pain’s Hill, Surrey
III. Pictures versus Prospects
A Garden Landscape, 1840. Redleaf, Penshurst
THE NINETEENTH-CENTURY TRADITION
I. Victorian Ideals
II. Colour and the Cottage Garden
III. Science and Specialization
I. Functional Aspects of Garden Planning
II. Asymmetrical Garden Planning
III. Art and Ornament
Modern Interpretations of Traditional Forms
IV. The Planter’s Eye
Architects’ Plants
I. Gardens in the Modern Landscape
The Garden in the Landscape. A summary of characteristic
