of Ajarais – Upper World demons
41The Sakha epic about the feats of heroes
42Epic performer, woman
43Epic performer
44Batas, a Sakha weapon, similar to a long, wide knife with a long handle
45Frogs, lizards, bugs, snakes – traditionally associated with evil in Sakha mythology
46Another name of the descendants of the Sunny Deities. ‘Kun’ means ‘sun’
47Another name of the humans, descendants of the Sunny deities
48Three laughing abysses – entrances to the Under World
49Three gods of fate
50Their assistant and chronicler
51The Upper world is inhabited by both good Sunny Deities on upper layers and evil demons Ajarais on the lower ones
52Moon and Sun and also some stars and constellations are traditional gods in the Sakha pantheon
53Branches and twigs of young birch trees
54The son of the God of Sun, patron of horses
55His wife
56Another demons’ lord
57Epithets ‘icy’, ‘cold’, etc. point to the evil nature of the phenomenon or a person
58Legendary blacksmith
59‘Uot’ ‘fiery’ a traditional epithet applied to both good and evil characters
60One of demons’ lords
61Kharis – measure of length, equal to the distance between the tops of stretched thumb and middle finger
62Legendary chronicler and story-teller
63His assistant
64Dwelling
65Here and before – names of spirits of hunting and the forest
66Goddess of fertility, patroness of women, children and cattle
67‘Silver’ means ‘white’
68Goddess of fertility like Ekhsit. Often they are presented as one goddess
69A wooden bowl used for drinking
70Sakha traditional fermented mare’s milk which is also typical of other Turkic peoples
71Goddess of nature
72‘White’ means ‘divine’
73Evil spirit of the road
74Bones are used in shamanistic rituals but only evil spirits use human bones
75Usually the name of a natural phenomenon – abyss, road, ocean, etc., is the name of their spirits
76Here and below – typical exclamations of demons
77Names of famous demons
78A legendary couple – foreparents of Sakha
79Loose ends of woven fabric
80A thick rope made with horse hair which was tied to two posts and to which a foal was tethered during milking
81A place where festivals are traditionally celebrated
82Bylas: 2.134 metres
83Copper, gold, golden, silver, and other names of metals are traditional epithets used as a compliment to someone’s appearance or richness
84i.e. Ekhsit
85The image of the mare is connected with the cult of the horse in Sakha mythology
86Traditional way of addressing old or noble ladies
87Here and there – human-beings
88Sakha ‘kun’ means ‘sun’
89A cone-shaped summer house covered with birch bark, cortex or deer leather. Variant of urasa
90An Ekhsit/Aiyyhyt farewell ceremony: people demonstrate their joy and happiness after the visit of the goddess and put butter on their faces to look satisfied and happy
91Valley
92Demons have features of animals
93Famous demon-Ajarai from the Upper World
94The god of thunder
95Famous demon-Ajarai from the Upper World
96Demon-dragon from the Under World, the spirit of the abyss
97Demoness
98Famous demon-Abaahy from the Under World, spirit of the ocean
99A demon.
100Famous hero from the Upper World, defender of the Middle World
Song 2
Let me part my lips
That have been stuck together,
Let me open my mouth
That has been shut,
Let me sing you a song,
My friends,
About a glorious child,
Who was destined to protect
His kind-hearted
Tribe of Aiyy-Khan
With the reins on their backs…
As soon as he started crawling
