the Unknown
Pollyanna may have taken the world by storm in the years after it first appeared, but it was not immune to the inevitable backlash that follows all cultural phenomena. It had brought light to a world sliding into its first all-out war, and optimism to a United States still reeling from the corruption and greed of the so-called Gilded Age. But it seems there was only so much gladness audiences could stomach. By the end of the Second World War, Pollyanna had fallen from favour; Disney’s film did nothing to prevent the book’s sales from dwindling to such a degree that the former international bestseller actually went out of print. In 1975, Margery Fisher’s Who’s Who in Children’s Books described Pollyanna as ‘possibly the most exasperating heroine in fiction’, and by now the noun ‘Pollyanna’, first coined in 1921, has become a derisory term for a hopeless idealist.
Porter did not live to witness the worst of the backlash, but even in her lifetime she felt compelled to justify Pollyanna’s relentlessly positive worldview. ‘I have been made to suffer from the Pollyanna books,’ she explained. ‘People have thought that Pollyanna chirped that she was “glad” about everything … I have never believed we ought to deny discomfort and pain and evil; I have merely thought it is far better to “greet the unknown with a cheer”.’
It is hard to argue with that. Whatever Pollyanna’s failings, she certainly meant only to spread joy, as did her creator. On her grave in Cambridge, Massachusetts, a simple plaque pays tribute to Eleanor H. Porter, ‘who by her writings brought sunshine into the lives of millions’.
Miss Polly Harrington entered her kitchen a little hurriedly this June morning. Miss Polly did not usually make hurried movements; she specially prided herself on her repose of manner. But to-day she was hurrying – actually hurrying.
Nancy, washing dishes at the sink, looked up in surprise. Nancy had been working in Miss Polly’s kitchen only two months, but already she knew that her mistress did not usually hurry.
“Nancy!”
“Yes, ma’am.” Nancy answered cheerfully, but she still continued wiping the pitcher in her hand.
“Nancy,” – Miss Polly’s voice was very stern now – “when I’m talking to you, I wish you to stop your work and listen to what I have to say.”
Nancy flushed miserably. She set the pitcher down at once, with the cloth still about it, thereby nearly tipping it over – which did not add to her composure.
“Yes, ma’am; I will, ma’am,” she stammered, righting the pitcher, and turning hastily. “I was only keepin” on with my work ’cause you specially told me this mornin’ ter hurry with my dishes, ye know.”
Her mistress frowned.
“That will do, Nancy. I did not ask for explanations. I asked for your attention.”
“Yes, ma’am.” Nancy stifled a sigh. She was wondering if ever in any way she could please this woman. Nancy had never “worked out” before; but a sick mother suddenly widowed and left with three younger children besides Nancy herself, had forced the girl into doing something toward their support, and she had been so pleased when she found a place in the kitchen of the great house on the hill – Nancy had come from “The Corners,” six miles away, and she knew Miss Polly Harrington only as the mistress of the old Harrington homestead, and one of the wealthiest residents of the town. That was two months before. She knew Miss Polly now as a stern, severe-faced woman who frowned if a knife clattered to the floor, or if a door banged – but who never thought to smile even when knives and doors were still.
“When you’ve finished your morning work, Nancy,” Miss Polly was saying now, “you may clear the little room at the head of the stairs in the attic, and make up the cot bed. Sweep the room and clean it, of course, after you clear out the trunks and boxes.”
“Yes, ma’am. And where shall I put the things, please, that I take out?”
“In the front attic.” Miss Polly hesitated, then went on: “I suppose I may as well tell you now, Nancy. My niece, Miss Pollyanna Whittier, is coming to live with me. She is eleven years old, and will sleep in that room.”
“A little girl – coming here, Miss Harrington? Oh, won’t that be nice!” cried Nancy, thinking of the sunshine her own little sisters made in the home at “The Corners.”
“Nice? Well, that isn’t exactly the word I should use,” rejoined Miss Polly, stiffly. “However, I intend to make the best of it, of course. I am a good woman, I hope; and I know my duty.”
Nancy colored hotly.
“Of course, ma’am; it was only that I thought a little girl here might – might brighten things up for you,” she faltered.
“Thank you,” rejoined the lady, dryly. “I can’t say, however, that I see any immediate need for that.”
“But, of course, you – you’d want her, your sister’s child,” ventured Nancy, vaguely feeling that somehow she must prepare a welcome for this lonely little stranger.
Miss Polly lifted her chin haughtily.
“Well, really, Nancy, just because I happened to have a sister who was silly enough to marry and bring unnecessary children into a world that was already quite full enough, I can’t see how I should particularly want to have the care of them myself. However, as I said before, I hope I know my duty. See that you clean the corners, Nancy,” she finished sharply, as she left the room.
“Yes, ma’am,” sighed Nancy, picking up the half-dried pitcher – now so cold it must be rinsed again.
In her own room, Miss Polly took out once more the letter which she had received two days before from the far-away Western town, and which had been so unpleasant a surprise to her. The letter was addressed to Miss Polly Harrington, Beldingsville, Vermont; and it read as follows:
Dear Madam,
I regret to inform you that the Rev. John Whittier died two weeks ago, leaving one child, a girl eleven years old. He left practically nothing else save a few books; for, as you doubtless know, he was the pastor of this small mission church, and had a very meagre salary.
I believe he was your deceased sister’s husband, but he gave me to understand the families were not on the best of terms. He thought, however, that for your sister’s sake you might wish to take the child and bring her up among her own people in the East. Hence I am writing to you.
The little girl will be all ready to start by the time you get this letter; and if you can take her, we would appreciate it very much if you would write that she might come at once, as there is a man and his wife here who are going East very soon, and they would take her with them to Boston, and put her on the Beldingsville train. Of course you would be notified what day and train to expect Pollyanna on.
Hoping to hear favorably from you soon, I remain,
Respectfully yours,
