Poisonous Plants and Phytochemicals in Drug Discovery. Группа авторов
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Sadia Zafar Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
Rabia Zahid Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Ahmed Zayed Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
Preface
Phytochemicals play a major role in the day‐to‐day management of diseases and health. There have been many reports of their effectiveness as community medicines and as alternatives to conventional drugs. However, there is one area that has been grossly underrepresented by researchers in phytochemistry. This is the area of poisonous plants and the role that phytochemicals play as toxins in society and how they could be harnessed for the betterment of mankind. There are many open‐source, non‐scholarly outlets and information that is not reviewed and that receives minimal scientific discussion.
Poisonous Plants and Phytochemicals in Drug Discovery seeks to address the roles that poisonous plants and phytotoxins play as friends and foes in society. It covers the mechanisms, benefits, risks, and management protocols of phytotoxins in scientific laboratories and their usefulness in drug discovery. This book contains insights that can help in the development of antidotes against some phytochemicals and other synthetic toxic chemical agents and raises awareness of which plants need to be categorized for protection and controls and those that can be helpful in assisting as emergency medicines. This book is carefully designed to show the contribution that phytochemicals play in safety and health management and how they could inform policies at national and international levels. Various industrial communities, researchers, and scholarly drug developers will be well guided on how best to create relevant measures to counter and/or manage toxins using phytochemicals or other means. The chapters in this book are presented in a clear and consistent manner to aid flow and continuity.
Editors
Andrew G. Mtewa Andrew is a member of the American Chemical Society, the Phytochemical Society of Europe and the National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers and an associate member of the Royal Society of Chemistry. He studied Education (Chemistry) for a Bachelor’s degree and Applied Chemistry (Natural Product Chemistry) for his MSc at Chancellor College, University of Malawi. For his PhD, he trained in Medicinal Chemistry, focusing on drug design, synthesis, and development at the University of Dundee, UK, under the Wellcome Centre for Anti‐Infectives Research training program, and in Pharmbiotechnology (Medicinal Chemistry) at Mbarara University of Science and Technology in Uganda. His current interest and the focus of his research group is in the designing, synthesis, and hit expansion of potential drugs against diseases that cause a heavy burden on developing countries. He is also interested in encouraging developing countries to be much more involved in medicinal chemistry and all preclinical aspects of the drug development pipeline beyond just extracts. He is a lead editor of another book on phytochemistry with Elsevier and carries out reviews for some journals, including BMC’s Systematic Reviews and Elsevier’s Tuberculosis. Andrew teaches Chemistry at the Malawi University of Science and Technology.
Chukwuebuka Egbuna Chukwuebuka Egbuna is a chartered chemist, chemical analyst, and academic researcher. He is a member of the Institute of Chartered Chemists of Nigeria, the Nigerian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Society of Quality Assurance (USA), and the Royal Society of Chemistry (UK). He has been engaged in several roles at New Divine Favor Pharmaceutical Industry Limited, Akuzor Nkpor, Anambra State, Nigeria, and Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University (COOU) in Nigeria. He has worked collaboratively and published a number of research articles in phytochemistry, nutrition, toxicology, and related areas. He is a reviewer and editorial board member of various journals, including serving as a website administrator for the Tropical Journal of Applied Natural Sciences, a journal of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, COOU, and as a toxicology advisory board member for Cambridge Scholar Publishing. His primary research interests are in phytochemistry, nutrition and toxicology, food and medicinal chemistry, and analytical biochemistry. He obtained his BSc and MSc degrees in biochemistry at COOU and is presently a PhD fellow in Nutritional Biochemistry and Toxicology with the World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE‐PUTOR), University of Port‐Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
G.M. Narasimha Rao G.M. Narasimha Rao is an Assistant Professor of Botany at Andhra University, India. He holds an MSc, MPhil, and PhD in Botany. He has worked on marine algae and mangroves, ecology, physiology, and chemical studies for many years and sits on the editorial board of Marine Science. He has vast teaching and research experience gained over many years and has published extensively in his field of research.
1 Historical Use of Toxic Plants
Godwin Anywar
Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology & Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
CONTENTS
1 1.1 Introduction to Toxic Plants
2 1.2 Poisonous Plants as Sources of Traditional and Modern Medicines
3 1.3 Toxic Plants and Justice 1.3.1 Toxic Plants in Capital Punishment 1.3.2 Trial by Ordeal
4 1.4 Toxic Plants in Poisoned Weapons 1.4.1 Arrow Poisons
5 1.5 Plant Fishing Poisons/Piscicides/Ichthyotoxins
6 1.6 Poisonous Plants as Food
7 1.7 Poisonous Plants as Biopesticides
8 1.8 Toxic Psychoactive Plants for Recreational and Religious Purposes
9 1.9 Poisonous Plants in Warfare and Bioterrorism
10 1.10 Poisonous Plants as Carcinogens and Teratogen
1.1 Introduction to Toxic Plants
Numerous poisonous