target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="#ulink_fdba93cf-d046-5cf6-80bb-3ee89a0d957b">6 “Already in the 16th century, hospitals were extremely rich institutions, with a large amount of capital and a vast, though very heterogeneous, land heritage (fields, meadows, forests, vineyards, houses, mills, etc.)” [DON 03].7 7 Gruerian hospital furniture, old wooden bed comprising three levels with a width of 1.20 m. On the other side of the border, the hôpital de Montbéliard (Montbéliard hospital) (eastern France) also had “twelve beds with mattresses, eiderdowns, pillows and crossbars” [CUS 86]. This bedframe was thus the predecessor of today’s electric bed.
8 8 This may initially have been a comprehensive benefit for daily hygiene (for the toilet or kitchen, for example) or for the need to dispose of daily waste. But it also proved a difficulty in ensuring hygiene, when insalubrity, dilapidated facilities or lack of ventilation in buildings promoted dampness.
9 9 Gruyère patois is a Franco-Provençal dialect spoken in the Gruyère district (south of the canton of Freiburg, Switzerland).
10 10 Daniel Teysseire, in his presentation of Tissot’s work (Avis au Peuple sur sa santé), points out the works written for the people, but by doctors and which are “intended to be read and used by social groups serving as a relay between doctors and the people” [TEY 93]. He calls these social groups “cultural intermediaries”. For the anthropologist Françoise Loux too, the notion of intermediaries is present in her reflections. Nurses are then “perceived by the patients as real intermediaries to whom it is possible to entrust more things than to the doctor”. Nurses “play a central role as informers and discreet intermediaries between doctors and healers” [LOU 83].
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