Savings (@500KVA)Table 10.3 Advantages and Limitations of Lead‐acid BatteriesTable 10.4 Advantages and Disadvantages of a FlywheelTable 10.5 Procedures and details used for a semi‐annual checks and services for...7 Chapter 11Table 11.1 Differences between Precision and Comfort CoolingTable 11.2 Issues surrounding the use of Airside Economizers
8 Chapter 12Table 12.1 Table of PUE and DCiE efficiencies.Table 12.2 Data Center Cooling Best PracticesTable 12.3 Scenario 1 – Data center overheating but has adequate cooling capacit...Table 12.4 Scenario 2 – Data center overcooled but still has hotspots
9 Chapter 13Table 13.1 Panel Load ChartTable 13.2 Load calculation table for electronic pallet jack
10 Chapter 14Table 14.1 Most Common Solutions Used in Li‐Ion CellsTable 14.2 NFPA standards that govern applications of fire protection technologi...Table 14.3 Heat Detector Spacing Reduction Based on Ceiling HeightTable 14.4 Advantages and Disadvantages of Sprinkler SystemsTable 14.5 Advantages and disadvantages of double‐interlock pre‐action water ...Table 14.6 Advantages and Disadvantages of IG‐541Table 14.7 Advantages and Disadvantages of IG‐55Table 14.8 Advantages and Disadvantages of HFC‐22eaTable 14.9 Advantages and Disadvantages of HFC‐125Table 14.10 Advantages and Disadvantages of FK‐5‐1‐12Table 14.11 Advantages and Disadvantages of HFC‐23
11 1Table A.1 Key Points of Sarbanes‐Oxley Act (SOX)Table A.2 CIP‐002 through CIP‐009 Cybersecurity frameworkTable A.3 Basel II Compliance Benefits
12 3Table C.1 Average maximum inlet temperature per loadTable C.2 Temperatures about the mean value per loadTable C.3 Temperature spread based on the Standard deviation
List of Illustrations
1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 Hidden Costs of OperationsFigure 1.2 Typical screenshot of SmartWALK™ dashboardFigure 1.3 SmartWALK™ mobile screenshotFigure 1.4 Screenshot of SmartTEAM® Learning Management System
2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 US Primary Energy Sources.Figure 2.2 Number of Breaches and records exposed from 2005 to 2019Figure 2.3 Fuel Sources for Electricity Generation in the U.S. in 2018Figure 2.4 Potential Causes of Load Interruption or DowntimeFigure 2.5 The Tiers of the Electric Grid from Generation to Chip. Derived f...Figure 2.6 Solar Flare.Figure 2.7 EMP Waveform – MIL‐STD‐461G Test Method RS105Figure 2.8 RS105 Transient Generator and Transmission LineFigure 2.9 Damped Sinusoidal Transient – MIL‐STD‐461G Test Method CS1116Figure 2.10 SmartWALK™ mobile deviceFigure 2.11 The Smart Grid Network and its features.
3 Chapter 3Figure 3.1 “Seven steps” is a continuous cycle of evaluation, implementation...Figure 3.2 Sample SCS ScreenshotFigure 3.3 Sample TCC Curve AnalysisFigure 3.4 Traditional AC DistributionFigure 3.5 DC DistributionFigure 3.6 Electronic BallastFigure 3.7 Absorption ChillerFigure 3.8 Typical Fuel CellFigure 3.9 Microturbine CCHP SystemFigure 3.10 DC Monitoring EquipmentFigure 3.11 SmartTEAM™ mobile screenshotFigure 3.12 Open rear door of containerized Data Center
4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Theory of Predictive MaintenanceFigure 4.2 Hazard Risk Category (HRC) Arc Rating (Reference of Chicago Prote...Figure 4.3 Arc Flash BoundariesFigure 4.4 A small thermographic camera and a typical installationFigure 4.5 Sample IR scanning tracking
5 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 GeneratorFigure 5.2 Load Bank TestingFigure 5.3 Generator Control Cabinet
6 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Basic installation practices for all tanks, whether aboveground o...Figure 6.2 Typical fuel storage and distribution system flow diagram.Figure 6.3 Poorly arranged system.Figure 6.4 System using the same components as in Figure 6.3 but arranging t...Figure 6.5 System using individual components to prevent a single point of f...Figure 6.6 System that further increases reliability by adding redundancy fo...
7 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 Break Before Make ATSFigure 7.2 Basic ATS EnclosureFigure 7.3 Break Before Make ATS with Isolation BypassFigure 7.4 ATS Enclosure Equipped with Isolation BypassFigure 7.5 Closed Transition ATSFigure 7.6 Closed Transition ATS with Isolation BypassFigure 7.7 Closed Transition ATS EnclosureFigure 7.8 Delayed Transition ATSFigure 7.9 Delayed Transition ATS with Isolation BypassFigure 7.10 Delayed Transition Transfer Switch EnclosureFigure 7.11 Soft Load Power Transfer Switch
8 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 Typical Static Switch One Line
9 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 Cost of downtimeFigure 9.2 Power Factor Beer Mug AnalogyFigure 9.3 Power Factor WaveformsFigure 9.4 Typical electric systemFigure 9.5 This undistorted sine wave is also known as the fundamental wavef...Figure 9.6 Three‐phase power is produced from the rotating windings of a gen...Figure 9.7 Types and relative frequency of power quality disturbances.Figure 9.8 Example part of an IEC 61000‐4‐30 Class A Edition 3 compliance ce...Figure 9.9 Transients shown in waveformFigure 9.10 Waveforms of RMS variationsFigure 9.11 Motor‐start waveform signature.Figure 9.12 Voltage swell timeline.Figure 9.13 Unbalance timelineFigure 9.14 Notching waveformFigure 9.15 The fundamental and the 5th harmonic.Figure 9.16 The harmonic spectrum indicating a problem.Figure 9.17 The additive effect of the triplen harmonics.Figure 9.18 Harmonic distortion waveform.Figure 9.19 Interruption timeline.Figure 9.20 CBEMA curveFigure 9.21 ITIC curveFigure 9.22 A portion of data obtained from the Distribution Power Quality M...Figure 9.23 Load problems – Power Quality Troubleshooting ChecklistFigure 9.24 Building distribution problems – Power Quality Troubleshooting C...Figure 9.25 Facility transformer and main service equipment problem – Power ...
10 Chapter 10Figure 10.1 Double Conversion: In normal operationFigure 10.2 Double Conversion: On BatteryFigure 10.3 Double Conversion: Static BypassFigure 10.4 Double Conversion: Internal BypassFigure 10.5 Typical 3‐phase Rectifier Schematic utilizing SCRs as the power ...Figure 10.6 Conventional Delta Conversion Online UPSFigure 10.7 Conventional Two‐Level inverter topology and Variable Width Puls...Figure 10.8 Three‐Level inverter topology and Variable Width Pulse TrainFigure 10.9 Silicon Valence BandFigure 10.10 SiC 73% Reduction Power LossesFigure
