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Depending on the life cycle, a number of parasites may be recovered in a blood specimen, either whole blood, buffy coat preparations, or various types of concentrations. These parasites include Plasmodium, Babesia, and Trypanosoma species, Leishmania donovani, and microfilariae. Although some organisms are motile in fresh, whole blood, species identification is normally accomplished from the examination of both thick and thin permanent stained blood films. Blood films can be prepared from fresh, whole blood collected with no anticoagulants, from anticoagulated blood, or from sediment from the various concentration procedures. Although for many years Giemsa stain has been the stain of choice, the parasites can also be seen on blood films stained with Wright’s stain, a Wright/Giemsa combination stain, or one of the more rapid stains such as Diff-Quik
