style="font-size:15px;"> 4 concentrations of pollutants that are allowed after site remediation is completed
Solution
ISO 14000 includes standards for environmental management systems.
Example 2.8
A parts manufacturer uses a solvent degreaser for cleaning parts. The solvent used in the degreaser is a suspected carcinogen. The manufacturer reduces the amount of solvent it disposes of by filtering dirty solvent and returning it to the degreaser. This pollution prevention strategy is known as
1 source reduction
2 in‐process recycling
3 out‐of‐process recycling
4 end‐of‐pipe treatment
Solution
Source reduction would be a reduction in the amount of solvent used; in this case, no changes are made to eliminate or reduce the use of the solvent. An example of out‐of‐process recycle would be to send the solvent off‐site to be recycled. End‐of‐pipe treatment would consist of treating the solvent to make it less toxic before disposing of it. In this case, the solvent is filtered and returned to the same equipment that created the dirty solvent. Therefore, this is in‐process recycling.
Example 2.9
Mixed wastes are wastes that
1 contain radioactive wastes regulated under the Atomic Energy Act (AEA) and hazardous wastes regulated under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
2 are comprised of both solid and liquids
3 include both nonhazardous and hazardous wastes regulated under RCRA
4 contain municipal solid wastes and hazardous wastes regulated under RCRA
Solution
Mixed waste is defined as a waste mixture that contains both radioactive materials subject to the AEA and a hazardous waste component regulated under the RCRA.
Problems
1 2.1 Develop a short essay on the water law policies in a country of your choice.
2 2.2 Develop a short essay on the water law policies in a country in Africa.
3 2.3 Develop a short essay on the water law policies in a country in Europe.
4 2.4 Develop a short essay on the water law policies in a country in Asia.
5 2.5 Provide terms and definitions for “environmental management.”Defining the following terms:E Pollution preventionF Source reductionG In‐process vs on‐site vs off‐site recyclingH Waste treatmentI DisposalJ Direct release
6 2.6 Analysis of Federal Environmental Statutes.
7 2.7 The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) of 1972.
8 2.8 Enforcement
9 2.9 The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act) of 1970.
10 2.10 Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1970.
11 2.11 The Clean Water Act (CWA) of 1972.
12 2.12 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976.
13 2.13 The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) of 1980.
14 2.14 The Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act (EPCRA).
15 2.15 Pollution Prevention Act of 1990.
16 2.16 U.S. Supreme Court Decision on the Clean Air Act and Greenhouse Gases.
17 2.17 Superfund Site Investigation Go to the EPA Superfund website.
18 2.18 Premanufacturing Notice from the TSCA Go to the EPA website.
19 2.19 Worker Protection Standard under FIFRA.
20 2.20 Green Jobs and Occupational Safety Issues.
21 2.21 Programs of the Clean Air Act.
22 2.22 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System of the Clean Water Act.
23 2.23 National Hazardous Waste Biennial Report of RCRA.
24 2.24 “Quality Improvement”: Define the ISO 14000 for an EMS and environmental policy pertinent to product QMS and industrial waste minimization.
References
1 Adler, J.H. (2003). Fables of the Cuyahoga reconstructing a history of environmental protection. Fordham Environmental Law Journal, Case Western Reserve University 14: 95–98, 103–104.
2 AECEN (Asian Environmental Compliance and Enforcement Network) (2018). https://aric.adb.org/initiative/asian‐environmental‐compliance‐and‐enforcement‐network (accessed 5 January 2018).
3 Aldred's Case (1610). 9 Co Rep 57b; (1610) 77 ER 816.
4 Alexiou, A.S. (2013). The Flatiron: The New York City Landmark and the Incomparable City that Arose with It. New York, NY: Thomas Dunne.
5 Allen, D.T. and Shonnard, D.R. (2002). Green Engineering: Environmentally Conscious Design of Chemical Processes. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice‐Hall.
6 Associated Press (2008). Group: stronger warnings needed in Tenn. ash spill, 28 December 2008.
7 Ayres, R. (1989). Technological Transformations and Long Waves. IIASA Report, IIASA, Luxemburg, Austria, RR‐89‐001.
8 Babich, A. (2004). The Apolitical Clinic. Law School, Tulane University, Faculty Notebook.
9 Bajaj, R. (1996). Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) and the Wildlife Trade in India. New Delhi, India: Center for Environmental Law.
10 Becker, M. (2011). Correa, indigenous movements, and the writing of a new constitution in Ecuador. Latin American Perspectives 38 (1): 47–62.
11 Beckert, S. (2014). Empire of Cotton: A Global History. New York: Vintage Books Division Penguin Random House.
12 Bell, M.L., Davis, D.L., and Fletcher, T. (2004). A retrospective assessment of mortality from the London Smog Episode of 1952: the role of influenza and pollution. Environmental Health Perspectives 112 (1): 6–8.
13 Bond, E., Gingerich, S., Antonsen, O. A., Purcell, L, and Macklem, E. (2003). The Industrial Revolution – Innovations. Industrialrevolution.sea.ca. (accessed 30 January 2011).
