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PREFACE—ORGANIZATION AND KEY CHANGES
This book reduces the official language of Statements on Auditing Standards (SASs), Statements on Standards for Attestation Engagements (SSAEs), Statements on Standards for Accounting and Review Services (SSARSs), and the interpretations of those standards into easy-to-read and understandable advice. It is designed to help CPAs in the application of, and compliance with, authoritative standards.
RESOURCES
Wiley Practitioner’s Guide to GAAS 2020 contains robust tools to help practitioners implement the standards. This book follows the sequence of sections of the AICPA Codification of Statements on Auditing Standards, the Codification of Statements on Standards for Attestation Engagements, and the Codification of Statements on Standards for Accounting and Review Services. Sections are divided into the following easy-to-understand parts:
Scope. A handy brief identification of the original standard for the section.
Definitions of Terms. A list of official definitions that refers readers to one of the appendices to find explanations of terms that are ordinarily scattered throughout the standards.
Objectives. An explanation of the reasons for the section.
Requirements. Concise listing and descriptions of those things specifically mandated by the section, and helpful techniques for complying with the fundamental requirements of the section.
Interpretations. A brief summary of each interpretation.
Illustrations. Sample reports and checklists.
ON THE HORIZON
Exposure Drafts and Projects
The Auditing Standards Board (ASB) has projects on the following topics:
Audit Evidence. In August 2019, the ASB issued an exposure draft intended to provide auditors with enhanced guidance on audit evidence by:
Providing risk assessment requirements for estimates and
Further procedures that:are more specific to estimates,address today’s complex business environment and the complexity of financial reporting frameworks,highlight the causes of uncertainty, andfocus on the risk of management bias
The proposal would amend primarily AU-C 540 and provide additional guidance on the importance of professional skepticism.
Materiality. The ASB issued an exposure draft of a proposed SAS and a proposed SSAE titled Description of the Concept of Materiality. The amendments are intended to eliminate inconsistencies in the description of materiality in the professional standards with definitions used by the U.S. judicial system and other standards setters and regulators.
The ARSC is working on projects related to reviews and materiality, adverse conclusions, and special purpose frameworks.
New Auditing Standards Not Yet Effective
Effective Dates
The four new standards discussed below are effective for audits of financial statements ending on or after December 15, 2020, and early implementation is not permitted.
Enhanced Communication in Auditors’ Reports—SASs 134 and 135
In May 2019, the ASB issued two standards designed to improve the communication value of the auditor’s report. The standards are also geared to better align GAAS with the PCAOB and IAASB standards. The two standards issued are:
SAS 134, Auditor Reporting and Amendments, Including Amendments Addressing Disclosures in the Audit of Financial Statements, and
SAS 135, Omnibus Statement on Auditing Standards—2019.
The new standards put the auditor’s opinion at the beginning of the auditor’s report to give it more prominence.
SAS 134 amends reporting requirements for communication of audit matters in the auditor’s report. It also discusses the auditor’s responsibility to form an opinion on the financial statements and provides new guidelines for the form and content of the auditor’s report. The new guidance includes requirements for when the auditor concludes that a modification to the report is necessary.
The new standards add AU-C section 701, Communicating Key Audit Matters in the Independent Auditor’s Report and replaces the current guidance in AU-C 700, 705, and 706. SAS 135 aligns ASB guidance more closely with that of the PCAOB. It amends AU-C 260, 550, and 240.
In addition to requiring that the opinion section precede the basis of opinion section in
