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target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="#ulink_0df6e534-c7de-57ea-80fd-a5fb6e60dcdd">5.6 Commercial Phenolic Resin for Wood Products
5.7 Curing of Phenolic Resin
References
Chapter 6: Resorcinol–Formaldehyde Resins and Hydroxymethyl Resorcinol (HMR and n-HMR)
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Reaction between Resorcinol and Formaldehyde
6.3 Comparison between Resorcinol and Phenol
6.4 Reactive Positions and Types of Linkages Comparison between Resorcinol and Phenol
6.5 Hydroxymethyl Resorcinol
6.6 Novolak-Based HMR
6.7 Bonding Mechanism Using HMR
6.8 Applications of HMR and n-HMR
6.9 Special Adhesives of Reduced Resorcinol Content
References
Chapter 7: Polyurethane Adhesives
7.1 Introduction
7.2 History
7.3 Reactions of Isocyanates
7.4 Raw Materials
7.5 Catalysts
7.6 Blocked Isocyanates
7.7 Advantages of pMDI
7.8 PU Adhesive–Wood Interaction
7.9 PU–UF Hybrid Adhesives
7.10 PU–PF Hybrid Adhesives
7.11 EMDI-Based Adhesives
7.12 Emulsion Polymer Isocyanate (EPI) Adhesive
7.13 Non-Isocyanate Polyurethanes and Biobased PU Adhesives
References
Chapter 8: Wood Surface Inactivation (Thermal)
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Causes and Sources of Inactivation
8.3 Mechanisms of Inactivation
8.4 Factors Affecting Wood Surface Inactivation
8.5 Physical Mechanisms of Inactivation
8.6 Chemical Mechanisms of Inactivation
References
Chapter 9: Wood Surface Inactivation Due to Extractives
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Migration of Extractives to the Wood Surface
9.3 Influence of Extractives on Bonding Properties of Wood
9.4 Effect of pH of Wood on the Adhesion
9.5 Effect of Extractive Migrations during Kiln Seasoning on Adhesion
9.6 Methods to Reduce the Influence of Extractives on Wood Adhesion
References
Chapter 10: Surface Modification of Wood
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Surface Modification Methods
10.3 Enzymatic Modification for Hydrophobicity
10.4 Modification of Wood Surface by Chemical Treatment—Functionalization of Wood
10.5 Sol–Gel Method
References
Chapter 11: The Chemistry of Condensed Tannins
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Reactions of Condensed Flavonoid Tannins
11.3 Conclusions
References
Chapter 12: Thermosetting Adhesives Based on Bio-Resources for Lignocellulosic Composites
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Tannin Adhesives
12.3 Lignin Adhesives
12.4 Protein Adhesives
12.5 Carbohydrate Adhesives
12.6 Unsaturated Oil Adhesives
12.7 Wood Welding without Adhesives
12.8 Conclusions
References
Chapter 13: Environmental Aspects of Adhesives—Emission of Formaldehyde
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Scientific Analysis of the Problem
13.3 Factors Affecting the Amount of Formaldehyde Emission
13.4 Exposure
13.5 Safe Level of Formaldehyde Exposure
13.6 Evolution of Formaldehyde Emission Standards
13.7 CARB Green Adhesive Formaldehyde Emission Standards
13.8 Japanese JIS/JAS Formaldehyde Adhesive Emission Standards [21–23]
13.9
