capability to frustrate you is only as powerful as your fear of the touchscreen and how it works. After clearing that hurdle, as well as understanding some other basic operations, you’ll be on your way toward mobile device contentment.
Manipulating the touchscreen
The touchscreen works in combination with one or two of your fingers. You can choose which fingers to use, or whether to be adventurous and try using the tip of your nose, but touch the screen you must. Here are some of the many ways you manipulate your Android’s touchscreen:
Tap: The basic touchscreen technique is to touch it. You tap an object, an icon, a control, a menu item, a doodad, and so on. The tap operation is similar to a mouse click on a computer. It may also be referred to as a touch or a press.
Double-tap: Tap the screen twice in the same location. A double-tap can zoom in on an image or a map, but it can also zoom out. Because of the double-tap’s dual nature, I recommend using the pinch and spread operations to zoom.
Long-press: Tap part of the screen and keep your finger down. Depending on what you’re doing, a pop-up or card may appear, or the item you’re long-pressing may get “picked up” so that you can drag (move) it around. The long-press might also be referred to as tap and hold.
Swipe: To swipe, tap your finger on one spot and then move your finger to another spot. Swipes can go up, down, left, or right; the touchscreen content moves in the direction in which you swipe your finger, similar to the way scrolling works on a computer. A swipe can be fast or slow. It’s also called a flick or slide.
Drag: A combination of long-press and then swipe, the drag operation moves items on the screen. Start with the long press, and then keep your finger on the screen to swipe. Lift your finger to complete the action.
Pinch: A pinch involves two fingers, which start out separated and then are brought together. The effect is used to zoom out, to reduce the size of an image or see more of a map. This move may also be called a pinch close.
Spread: In the opposite of the pinch, you start out with your fingers together and then spread them. The spread is used to zoom in, to enlarge an image or see more detail on a map. It’s also known as pinch open.
Rotate: Use two fingers to twist around a central point on the touchscreen, which has the effect of rotating an object on the screen. If you have trouble with this operation, pretend that you’re turning the dial on a safe.
Variations on these techniques are used in several ways. For example, you swipe down from the top of the screen using two fingers to access the Quick Settings drawer. A short swipe, or tug, from the top-center of the screen downward refreshes a web page as well as the contents of other apps. A short upward swipe followed by a quick stop displays the Overview or list of running apps.
Selecting a group of items
A common touchscreen technique that might be new to you is selecting a group of items. On a computer, you drag the mouse over the lot. On a touchscreen, you perform these steps:
1 Long-press the first item, such as a photo thumbnail in an album or another item in a list.The item is selected. It appears highlighted, is adorned with a tiny check mark, or features a filled-in circle. An action bar appears atop the screen, like the one shown in Figure 3-1. It lists icons such as Share and Delete, which manipulate the group of selected items.
2 Tap additional items to select them.The action bar lists the total number of selected items, as illustrated in Figure 3-1.FIGURE 3-1: A typical action bar
3 Do something with the group.Choose an icon from the action bar.
Navigating
Your Android device offers common and consistent ways to move around the Home screen and to manipulate apps. These methods are gesture navigation, which is available on newer phones and tablets, and the traditional navigation icons, found at the bottom of the touchscreen. Between the two, I recommend using the navigation icons until you become familiar with the tasks they perform. Here are the tasks, along with their stock Android icons shown in the margin.
The icons shown in the margin represent the current, stock Android navigation icons. Table 3-1 lists other varieties, which may be used on your device.
TABLE 3-1 Navigation Icon Varieties
| Icon | Android 5.0 to 9.0 | Earlier Releases | Samsung Var. 1 | Samsung Var. 2 |
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