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To Baptiste, Maia, Léa and Louise, may their visions and plans come true
To Sylvie, constant source of inspiration.
Smart Innovation Set
coordinated by
Dimitri Uzunidis
Volume 32
Entrepreneurship and Innovation Education
Frameworks and Tools
Marcos Lima
First published 2020 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms and licenses issued by the CLA. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside these terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned address:
ISTE Ltd
27-37 St George’s Road
London SW19 4EU
UK
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
111 River Street
Hoboken, NJ 07030
USA
© ISTE Ltd 2020
The rights of Marcos Lima to be identified as the author of this work have been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2020945629
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978-1-78630-622-7
Introduction
This book is a compilation of practical insights for entrepreneurship and innovation (E&I) education based on tools, techniques and frameworks I have developed or adopted in my 20-year career as a teacher. As most of this experience took place in France, my country of adoption, the book is biased towards a European perspective of this phenomenon. However, its applicability is by no means restricted to this continent – it could be adopted anywhere in the world.
Why write another book about entrepreneurship and innovation education? As mentioned above, this book is focused on creating a “toolbox” of frameworks for analyzing entrepreneurship and innovation problems and making decisions. Like my previous books (Lima and Fabiani 2014, 2016), this one assumes that the human brain cannot articulate more than three or four dimensions of a problem without the aid of what might be called “checklists for thinking”: frameworks (visual or otherwise) that help students think in terms of multiple variables affecting a problem. A typical example of a very valuable tool for thinking about business creation is the Business Model Canvas by Alexander Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur (2010). It suggests nine building blocks to think about how value is created, delivered and captured throughout the process. Before this framework was proposed, students of entrepreneurship and innovation tended to focus either on the value creation or on the value delivery process, or neglected to contemplate the relationship between the multiple dimensions involved. Thus, I strongly believe that one of the main roles of a business educator is to provide students with a toolbox for analyzing different problems using appropriate concepts, preferably in a visual manner. This manual presents an extensive list of frameworks and analytical models that can be used in different stages of entrepreneurship and innovation education. As Abraham Maslow is believed to have said, “If all you have in your head is a hammer, every problem looks like a nail.” Appendix 1 lists all the frameworks used in the book for easy reference.
Furthermore, the book introduces the notion of “collaborative interactivity” as a mediating principle to teaching and learning innovation and entrepreneurship. This principle is drawn from my PhD thesis (summarized in English in Lima et al. 2004). It explores how the constructivist approach of “learning by doing” can enhance knowledge acquisition through a combination of reflection, interaction and collaboration in a real-life
